User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/krémmus
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This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown; possibly borrowed from a substrate language,[1] compare Proto-Turkic *sarïmsak (“garlic”), Komi-Zyrian комидз (komidź, “leek”), Udmurt кумуз (kumuz), кумыз (kumyz, “garlic”).
Noun[edit]
*krémmus
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *krémm-us | *krm̥m-éwih₂ | |
| genitive | *krm̥m-éws | *krm̥m-uyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *krémm-us | *krémm-uh₁(e) | *krémm-ewes |
| vocative | *krémm-u | *krémm-uh₁(e) | *krémm-ewes |
| accusative | *krémm-um | *krémm-uh₁(e) | *krémm-ums |
| genitive | *krm̥m-éws | *? | *krm̥m-éwoHom |
| ablative | *krm̥m-éws | *? | *krm̥m-úmos |
| dative | *krm̥m-éwey | *? | *krm̥m-úmos |
| locative | *krm̥m-éw, *krm̥m-éwi | *? | *krm̥m-úsu |
| instrumental | *krm̥m-úh₁ | *? | *krm̥m-úmis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *krm̥m-éwih₂ | *krm̥m-éwih₂h₁(e) | *krm̥m-éwih₂es |
| vocative | *krm̥m-éwih₂ | *krm̥m-éwih₂h₁(e) | *krm̥m-éwih₂es |
| accusative | *krm̥m-éwih₂m̥ | *krm̥m-éwih₂h₁(e) | *krm̥m-éwih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *krm̥m-uyéh₂s | *? | *krm̥m-uyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *krm̥m-uyéh₂s | *? | *krm̥m-uyéh₂mos |
| dative | *krm̥m-uyéh₂ey | *? | *krm̥m-uyéh₂mos |
| locative | *krm̥m-uyéh₂, *krm̥m-uyéh₂i | *? | *krm̥m-uyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *krm̥m-uyéh₂h₁ | *? | *krm̥m-uyéh₂mis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *krémm-u | *krémm-wih₁ | *krémm-uh₂ |
| vocative | *krémm-u | *krémm-wih₁ | *krémm-uh₂ |
| accusative | *krémm-u | *krémm-wih₁ | *krémm-uh₂ |
| genitive | *krm̥m-éws | *? | *krm̥m-éwoHom |
| ablative | *krm̥m-éws | *? | *krm̥m-úmos |
| dative | *krm̥m-éwey | *? | *krm̥m-úmos |
| locative | *krm̥m-éw, *krm̥m-éwi | *? | *krm̥m-úsu |
| instrumental | *krm̥m-úh₁ | *? | *krm̥m-úmis |
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- *krémmus-ih₂ ~ *krm̥mus-yéh₂-s
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kermušā́ˀ[4] (< *kermus-yeh₂[5] < *kerm̥mus-yeh₂ < *kremmus-yeh₂)
- Latvian: cę̄̀rmaûksis
- Lithuanian: kermùšė̃
- Proto-Slavic: *čermъša (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *kermušā́ˀ[4] (< *kermus-yeh₂[5] < *kerm̥mus-yeh₂ < *kremmus-yeh₂)
- *krómmus-o-m[6][5]
- Proto-Hellenic: *krómmuhon
- *krómmus-ō ~ *krm̥mus-nés
- →? Proto-Turkic: *sarïmsak (“garlic”) (see there for further descendants)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page κρόμμυον of 782-783
- ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 620: “*krémhₓus (gen. *krm̥hₓóus)”
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages *kremu-, *kramo-–222
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) chapter 239, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page kermušė
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hramusan- / *hramusjōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 242-243
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “(kerem-), krem- (: krom-) und kerm-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 580-581