adgnin
Old Irish
Etymology
2=ǵneh₃Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.
aith- + Proto-Celtic *gnina-, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵneh₃- (“to know”). Cognate with Welsh adwaen and Cornish aswon (both from *ati-uɸo-gni-).
Pronunciation
Verb
ad·gnin (verbal noun aithgne)
- to know, to recognize
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 29b10
- .i. air ni conbiasom manibé aní huanaithgnintar ⁊ huanainmnigther
- i.e. for it will not exist unless there exist that from which it is recognised and named
- .i. air ni conbiasom manibé aní huanaithgnintar ⁊ huanainmnigther
- For more quotations using this term, see Citations:adgnin.
- c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 29b10
- to perceive, to be aware of, to understand
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 1b14:
- .i. ætgnithi .i. isfollus doib asnoipred fir oirdnithi
- i.e. understood, i.e. it is manifest to them that it is the working of a supreme being
- .i. ætgnithi .i. isfollus doib asnoipred fir oirdnithi
- c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 1b14:
- to know sexually
- Lebor na hUidre, line 10323
- nír forfáemusa mnaí atgnead fer
- Lebor na hUidre, line 10323
Usage notes
In the sense ‘know, recognize’ the preterite is often used with a present meaning; see for example the two quotes from the Würzburg glosses on the citations page.
Conjugation
Complex, class B V present, reduplicated preterite, é future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Deut. | ad·gninat | |||||||
Prot. | ·aithgniniu | ·aithgninet | ·aithgnintar | ||||||
Imperfect indicative | Deut. | ad·gnied | |||||||
Prot. | ·aithgned | ||||||||
Preterite | Deut. | ad·gén | ad·géuin adid·géuin (with infixed pronoun id-) |
ad·génammar | ad·génatar ad·génsat |
||||
Prot. | ·aithgén | ·aithgén | ·aithgéuin | ·aithgénammar | ·aithgéntar ·aithgénsat |
||||
Perfect | Deut. | ad·rogénmar | |||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Future | Deut. | ad·gén | ad·géntar atat·géntar (with infixed pronoun id-) |
||||||
Prot. | ·aithgéna | ||||||||
Conditional | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·aithgnita | ||||||||
Present subjunctive | Deut. | ||||||||
Prot. | ·aithgné | ·aithgnet | |||||||
Past subjunctive | Deut. | ad·gned | |||||||
Prot. | |||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | aithgne | ||||||||
Past participle | atgnithi | ||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Descendants
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
ad·gnin | ad·gnin pronounced with /-ɣ(ʲ)-/ |
ad·ngnin |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ad·gnin”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Categories:
- Old Irish terms prefixed with aith-
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish complex verbs
- Old Irish class B V present verbs
- Old Irish reduplicated preterite verbs
- Old Irish é future verbs
- Old Irish a subjunctive verbs