angen

See also: angèn and ängen

Balinese

Etymology

From Old Balinese aṅĕn, from Old Javanese aṅĕn (“thoughts, considerations, reflections”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ŋən/

Noun

angen (Balinese script ᬳᬗᭂᬦ᭄)

1. heart

Derived terms

• angenan
• angenang
• kaangen
• kangen
• maangen-angen
• mangen-angen
• mapaangenan
• mapangenan
• ngangen
• pangenan
• pariangen

Further reading

• “angen”, in Balinese–Indonesian Dictionary [Kamus Bahasa Bali–Indonesia] (in Balinese), Denpasar, Indonesia: The Linguistic Center of Bali Province [Balai Bahasa Provinsi Bali].

Javanese

Romanization

angen

1. romanization of ꦲꦔꦼꦤ꧀

Mokilese

Noun

angen

1. construct state of ang

Sundanese

Sundanese register set
lemes	manah, galih, kalbu
lemes ka sorangan	{{{les}}}
lemes ka batur	{{{leb}}}
loma	angen, haté, ati
cohag	pucus

Etymology

From Old Sundanese aṅĕn, aṅṅĕn. Cognate with Old Javanese aṅĕn (“thoughts, consideration, reflections”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ŋən/

Noun

angen (Sundanese script ᮃᮍᮨᮔ᮪)

1. (anatomy) liver
2. (figurative) heart (mind, feeling)

See also

• kangen
• angen-angen

Further reading

• "ANGĔN", in Coolsma, S (1913), Soendaneesch-Hollandsch Woordenboek (in Dutch), Leiden: A.W. Sijthoff's Uitgeversmaatschappij

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh aghen, from Proto-Brythonic *anken (compare Cornish and Breton anken, from Proto-Celtic *ankenā (cognate with Old Irish éicen (“force; necessity”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂neḱ- (“to reach, attain”) cognate with Ancient Greek ἀνάγκη (anánkē, “force; necessity”).

An alternative theory derives the Celtic from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ- (“to perish, disappear”); this derivation is semantically bold.

Pronunciation

• (North Wales, standard, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈaŋɛn/
  • (North Wales, colloquial) IPA^(key): /ˈaŋan/
• (South Wales) IPA^(key): /ˈaŋɛn/

Noun

angen m (usually uncountable, plural anghenion)

1. need, necessity, requirement
   • 1803, William Owen Pughe, "A Dictionary of the Welsh Language", Volume 1

     Perid i Zyvrig arçeſgob wynieuthu Arthur yn vrenin, a dodi coron am ei ben; canys eu hangen oez yn eu cymhell.

     [Perid i Ddyfrig archesgob wynieuthu Arthur yn frenin, a dodi coron am ei ben; canys eu hangen oedd yn eu cymhell.]

     Dyfrig the archbishop was commanded to consecrate Arthur as king, and to place the crown upon his head; for their necessity was pressing upon them.

2. (functioning as verbal noun) (a person etc.) in need of; as a predicate of bod, can be translated with the verb “to need”

   Bydd Gareth angen calon newydd.

   Gareth will need a new heart.

   (literally, “Gareth will be a person in need of a new heart.”)

Usage notes

Because angen is a noun, it does not use yn with bod and has no stem, meaning it must be used periphrastically.

Derived terms

• anghenion arbennig (“special needs”)
• anghenraid (“necessity”)
• anghenus (“needy”)
• diangen (“unnecessary”)
• yn ôl yr angen (“as and when necessary”)

See also

• eisiau

Mutation

Mutated forms of angen

radical	soft	nasal	h-prothesis
angen	unchanged	unchanged	hangen

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.