astakona

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• setakona (nonstandard)

Etymology

Inherited from Malay astakona. Ultimately from Sanskrit अष्टकोण (aṣṭakoṇa, “octagon”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /astaˈkona/ [as.t̪aˈko.na]
• Rhymes: -ona
• Syllabification: as‧ta‧ko‧na

Noun

astakona (plural astakona-astakona)

1. (Classical, geometry) octagon

   Synonyms: oktagon, segi delapan

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• berastakona [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

• nasi astakona

Further reading

• “astakona”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Alternative forms

• astakuna, setakona (nonstandard)

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit अष्टकोण (aṣṭakoṇa, “octagon”). Compare Old Javanese aṣṭaguṇa, aṣṭagiṇa (“eight qualities of a king”) and Tagalog astakona (“ring made of gold or silver with a gemstone”).

Pronunciation

• (Baku) IPA^(key): /ˌastaˈkona/ [ˌas.t̪aˈko.na]
  • Rhymes: -ona

• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˌastaˈkonə/ [ˌas.t̪aˈko.nə], /ˌastəˈkonə/ [ˌas.t̪əˈko.nə]
  • Rhymes: -onə
• Hyphenation: as‧ta‧ko‧na

Adjective

astakona (Jawi spelling استاکونا, comparative lebih astakona, superlative paling astakona)

1. (literary, geometry) clipping of berastakona (“octagonal”)
   • c. 1606-1636, Hikayat Aceh, page 86, lines 16-17:

     مك تتکال […] دان تمف استکون دو فاسڠ

     Maka tatkala […] dan tempa astakona dua pasang.

     Therefore, at the moment […] and two pairs of octagonal wrought iron.

Noun

astakona (Jawi spelling استاکونا, plural astakona-astakona or astakona²)

1. (literary, geometry) octagon

   Synonyms: oktagon, segi lapan, sudut lapan

   Synonym: segi delapan (Indonesia)

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

• berastakona [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Descendants

• > Indonesian: astakona (inherited)

Further reading

• "astakona" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• astacona — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• astakuna

Etymology

Ultimately from Sanskrit अष्टकोण (aṣṭakoṇa, “octagon”). Compare Malay astakona / setakona (“octagon”) and Old Javanese aṣṭaguṇa (“eight qualities of a king”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔastaˈkona/ [ʔɐs.t̪ɐˈxoː.n̪ɐ]
• Rhymes: -ona
• Syllabification: as‧ta‧ko‧na

Noun

astakona (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜐ᜔ᜆᜃᜓᜈ) (obsolete)

1. a ring made of gold or silver with a gemstone

See also

• sanggawali

Further reading

• “astakona”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[1] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835), Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala, primera y segunda parte. En la primera, se pone primero el Castellano, y despues el Tagalo. Y en la segunda al contrario, que son las raíces simples con sus acentos.‎^[2] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: La Imprenta nueva de D. José María Dayot, por Tomás Oliva.
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[3] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag., page 56: “Anillo) Aſtacona (pp) de oro o plata y tiene piedra”
• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016), Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 52