bronzo
See also: bronzò
Esperanto
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From English bronze, French bronze, German Bronze, Italian bronzo, Polish brąz, and Russian бронза (bronza).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]bronzo (accusative singular bronzon, plural bronzoj, accusative plural bronzojn)
Ido
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Esperanto bronzo, English bronze, French bronze, German Bronze, Italian bronzo, Russian бро́нза (brónza), Spanish bronce.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]bronzo (plural bronzi)
Derived terms
[edit]- bronzizar (“to bronze, tan”)
Italian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]
Attestions begin in northern Italy, and include bronzo in a Latin context in Liber consuetudinum Mediolani (1216);[1] Lombard bronz, bronzo in Liber di Tre Scricciur, 1274;[2] Venetan brondi ? in a semi-Latin document from Verona, 1339.[3]
Immediately, possibly from Latin *brundium,[4] or directly from Latin brandisium (var.: bra/-i/-o), attested in recipes of bronze from the 8th-9th centuries CE.[5][6] Related to Byzantine Greek βροντησίον (brontēsíon, “bronze”) (11th century), also from alchemy books.[7][8]
Several theories exist for the earlier stages:
- The Greek has long been derived from Βρεντέσιον (Brentésion, “Brindisi”), known for the manufacture of bronze,[9] or perhaps through a Vulgar Latin *aes brundusi(um),[10][11] from the name of the same city.
- Alternatively from βροντή (brontḗ, “thunder”), via Byzantine Greek developments, due to the use of the metal in noise and sound producing devices.[12][5] Or a related onomatopoeic theory, connecting may sonorous objects under the one family.[13]
- More recently the Italian has ben connected ultimately with Persian برنج (berenj, beranj, “brass”) ~ پرنگ (pereng, “copper”),[14]
- Among western languages, perhaps from Lombardic brunst (“burning, fire”), from Proto-Germanic *brunstiz, related to German Brunst, English burn. Less likely linked to Germanic through a Late Latin or Vulgar Latin *brunitius, related to Italian bruno (“brown”) and bruniccio (“brown”).[10]
Reborrowed as Renaissance Latin bronzium,[15] from the early 1400s.[16]
Noun
[edit]bronzo m (plural bronzi)
- bronze (metal or object)
- bell, especially church bell
Related terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
[edit]bronzo
References
[edit]- ^ Berlan, Francesco, ed. (1866). Liber consuetudinum Mediolani anni 1216 ex Bibliothecæ Ambrosianæ codice nunc primum editus, § XXXI. pp. 73-74
- ^ “bronzo”, in TLIO – Tesoro della lingua italiana delle origini
- ^ Cipolla, Carlo (1902) “Un amico di Cangrande I della Scala e la sua famiglia”, in Memorie della Reale accademia delle scienze di Torino (II) (in Italian), volume 51, page 40,44
- ^ brónzo in sapere.it – De Agostini Editore
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Lippmann, Edmund O. von (1919) Entstehung und Ausbreitung der Alchemie, mit einem Anhange: Zur älteren Geschichte der Metalle : ein Beitrag zur Kulturgeschichte[1], Springer. See pp. 559-569, especially 560-564 for Lippmann's detailed discussion of previous theories, and his own (thunder), and pp. 467-471 for an introduction of the Latin manuscripts.
- ^ Cf. brandisium in Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften (1967– ) Mittellateinisches Wörterbuch, Munich: C.H. Beck
- ^ Greek transcription at: Berthelot, M. (Marcellin), Ruelle, Ch-Em (1887) Collection des anciens alchimistes grecs, Paris : G. Steinheil, V.xvi, page 376, line 22,25
- ^ Venezia, Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana, Gr. Z. 299 (=584)
- ^ Berthelot (1888) “Sur le nom du bronze chez les alchimistes grecs”, in Journal des Savants[2] (in French), page 677
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 Pianigiani, Ottorino (1907) “bronzo”, in Vocabolario etimologico della lingua italiana (in Italian), Rome: Albrighi & Segati
- ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “bronzo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critical Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos
- ^ Kahane, Henry, Kahane, Renée (1968) “Graeco-Romance Etymologies (II)”, in Romance Philology, volume 21, number 4, →ISSN, →JSTOR, pages 502–510
- ^ Spitzer, L. (1923) “Etimologies catalanes”, in Butlletí de dialectologia catalana, volume 11, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, pages 119-122
- ^ Lokotsch, Karl (1927) Etymologisches Wörterbuch der europäischen Wörter orientalischen Ursprungs (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s Universitätsbuchhandlung, § 1657, pages 132–133
- ^ "bronzium", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- ^ Musso, Giovanni. Piacenza chronicle (Chronicon Placentinum). Edition in Muratori, Rerum italicarum scriptores, volume 16 (1730), p. 491
Further reading
[edit]bronzo in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
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