choquer

French

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French chocquer (“to clash in battle, shock, offend, hurt”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French choquer (“to strike against”) and (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Picard chuquier, çuker (“to collide in battle, knock”), both of (deprecated template usage) [etyl]  origin, possibly from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Frankish *skukkōn, *skukkijan (“to jolt”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *skukkōną, *skukkijaną (“to jolt”), possibly an iterative form of *skakaną (“to shake, stir”).

Cognate with Old High German scoc (“jolt, shock, swing”), Middle High German schucken, schocken (“to hit, bump, deliver a blow to”), Middle Dutch schokken (“to push, jolt”), and English shock.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃɔ.ke/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

choquer

1. to hit, to collide
2. to shock (surprise, startle)

Conjugation

Conjugation of choquer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	choquer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	choquant /ʃɔ.kɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		choqué /ʃɔ.ke/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	choque /ʃɔk/	choques /ʃɔk/	choque /ʃɔk/	choquons /ʃɔ.kɔ̃/	choquez /ʃɔ.ke/	choquent /ʃɔk/
	imperfect	choquais /ʃɔ.kɛ/	choquais /ʃɔ.kɛ/	choquait /ʃɔ.kɛ/	choquions /ʃɔ.kjɔ̃/	choquiez /ʃɔ.kje/	choquaient /ʃɔ.kɛ/
	past historic2	choquai /ʃɔ.ke/	choquas /ʃɔ.ka/	choqua /ʃɔ.ka/	choquâmes /ʃɔ.kam/	choquâtes /ʃɔ.kat/	choquèrent /ʃɔ.kɛʁ/
	future	choquerai /ʃɔ.kʁe/	choqueras /ʃɔ.kʁa/	choquera /ʃɔ.kʁa/	choquerons /ʃɔ.kʁɔ̃/	choquerez /ʃɔ.kʁe/	choqueront /ʃɔ.kʁɔ̃/
	conditional	choquerais /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/	choquerais /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/	choquerait /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/	choquerions /ʃɔ.kə.ʁjɔ̃/	choqueriez /ʃɔ.kə.ʁje/	choqueraient /ʃɔ.kʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	choque /ʃɔk/	choques /ʃɔk/	choque /ʃɔk/	choquions /ʃɔ.kjɔ̃/	choquiez /ʃɔ.kje/	choquent /ʃɔk/
	imperfect2	choquasse /ʃɔ.kas/	choquasses /ʃɔ.kas/	choquât /ʃɔ.ka/	choquassions /ʃɔ.ka.sjɔ̃/	choquassiez /ʃɔ.ka.sje/	choquassent /ʃɔ.kas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	choque /ʃɔk/	—	choquons /ʃɔ.kɔ̃/	choquez /ʃɔ.ke/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• choc
• entrechoquer

Further reading

• “choquer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.