cotir
French
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French cotir, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French cotir (“to hit; strike”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Vulgar Latin *cottire, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek κόπτειν (kóptein, “to abut; bump; knock; strike repeatedly”).
Verb
cotir
- (transitive) to damage (a fruit)
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of cotir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | cotir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | cotissant /kɔ.ti.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | coti /kɔ.ti/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cotis /kɔ.ti/ |
cotis /kɔ.ti/ |
cotit /kɔ.ti/ |
cotissons /kɔ.ti.sɔ̃/ |
cotissez /kɔ.ti.se/ |
cotissent /kɔ.tis/ |
| imperfect | cotissais /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ |
cotissais /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ |
cotissait /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ |
cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ |
cotissaient /kɔ.ti.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | cotis /kɔ.ti/ |
cotis /kɔ.ti/ |
cotit /kɔ.ti/ |
cotîmes /kɔ.tim/ |
cotîtes /kɔ.tit/ |
cotirent /kɔ.tiʁ/ | |
| future | cotirai /kɔ.ti.ʁe/ |
cotiras /kɔ.ti.ʁa/ |
cotira /kɔ.ti.ʁa/ |
cotirons /kɔ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ |
cotirez /kɔ.ti.ʁe/ |
cotiront /kɔ.ti.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | cotirais /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
cotirais /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
cotirait /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ |
cotirions /kɔ.ti.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cotiriez /kɔ.ti.ʁje/ |
cotiraient /kɔ.ti.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cotisse /kɔ.tis/ |
cotisses /kɔ.tis/ |
cotisse /kɔ.tis/ |
cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ |
cotissent /kɔ.tis/ |
| imperfect2 | cotisse /kɔ.tis/ |
cotisses /kɔ.tis/ |
cotît /kɔ.ti/ |
cotissions /kɔ.ti.sjɔ̃/ |
cotissiez /kɔ.ti.sje/ |
cotissent /kɔ.tis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | cotis /kɔ.ti/ |
— | cotissons /kɔ.ti.sɔ̃/ |
cotissez /kɔ.ti.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “cotir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.