cravacher

French

Etymology

From cravache +‎ -er.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kʁa.va.ʃe/

Verb

cravacher

1. (transitive) to quirt, whip (hit with a quirt or whip)
2. (intransitive) to pull one's socks up, knuckle down (work hard)

Conjugation

Conjugation of cravacher (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	cravacher
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	cravachant /kʁa.va.ʃɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		cravaché /kʁa.va.ʃe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	cravache /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravaches /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravache /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravachons /kʁa.va.ʃɔ̃/	cravachez /kʁa.va.ʃe/	cravachent /kʁa.vaʃ/
	imperfect	cravachais /kʁa.va.ʃɛ/	cravachais /kʁa.va.ʃɛ/	cravachait /kʁa.va.ʃɛ/	cravachions /kʁa.va.ʃjɔ̃/	cravachiez /kʁa.va.ʃje/	cravachaient /kʁa.va.ʃɛ/
	past historic2	cravachai /kʁa.va.ʃe/	cravachas /kʁa.va.ʃa/	cravacha /kʁa.va.ʃa/	cravachâmes /kʁa.va.ʃam/	cravachâtes /kʁa.va.ʃat/	cravachèrent /kʁa.va.ʃɛʁ/
	future	cravacherai /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁe/	cravacheras /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁa/	cravachera /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁa/	cravacherons /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɔ̃/	cravacherez /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁe/	cravacheront /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	cravacherais /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɛ/	cravacherais /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɛ/	cravacherait /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɛ/	cravacherions /kʁa.va.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/	cravacheriez /kʁa.va.ʃə.ʁje/	cravacheraient /kʁa.vaʃ.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	cravache /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravaches /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravache /kʁa.vaʃ/	cravachions /kʁa.va.ʃjɔ̃/	cravachiez /kʁa.va.ʃje/	cravachent /kʁa.vaʃ/
	imperfect2	cravachasse /kʁa.va.ʃas/	cravachasses /kʁa.va.ʃas/	cravachât /kʁa.va.ʃa/	cravachassions /kʁa.va.ʃa.sjɔ̃/	cravachassiez /kʁa.va.ʃa.sje/	cravachassent /kʁa.va.ʃas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	cravache /kʁa.vaʃ/	—	cravachons /kʁa.va.ʃɔ̃/	cravachez /kʁa.va.ʃe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

• “cravacher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.