cultellus

Latin

Etymology

Diminutive of Latin culter (“knife”): culter +‎ -lus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [kʊɫˈtɛl.lʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [kulˈtɛl.lus]

Noun

cultellus m (genitive cultellī); second declension

1. small knife
2. dagger

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	cultellus	cultellī
genitive	cultellī	cultellōrum
dative	cultellō	cultellīs
accusative	cultellum	cultellōs
ablative	cultellō	cultellīs
vocative	cultelle	cultellī

Descendants

• Dalmatian:
  • cortial
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: coltello
  • Neapolitan: curtiello, cortiello (alt. spelling)
  • Sicilian: cuteḍḍu
• North Italian:
  • Emilian: curtèl
  • Istriot: curtielo
  • Lombard: cortèl
  • Piedmontese: cotèl, cortèl
  • Romagnol: curtèl
  • Romansh: cuntè, cunti, cuntel, curtè
  • Venetan: cortèƚo, cortèl
    • → Aromanian: curtelã (possibly)
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: cutél
  • Old French: coutel
    • French: couteau, ⇒ coutelas, coutellerie
      • → English: couteau, cutlass, cutlery
    • Champenois: couté, coutiau
    • Norman: coutel
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Aragonese: cuitiello, cutiello (displaced by Castilian forms)
  • Catalan: coltell, contell, coutell (dated, see ganivet)
  • Occitan:

    Auvergnat: cotèl, cotelh

    Gascon: cotèth

    Languedocien: cotèl; cotèlh (southern)

    Limousin: coteu, cotèl

    Provençal: cotèu

    Vivaro-Alpine: coteu, cotel

• West Iberian:
  • Old Leonese: cuchiello
    • Asturian: cuchiellu, cuchellu, cochellu
    • Leonese: cuchiellu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: cuitelo, coitelo
    • Galician: coitelo, cuitelo, cutelo, cutielo
    • Portuguese: cutelo, cuitelo, cutielo, quitelo, quitielo
  • Old Spanish: cuchiello, cochiello, guchiello
    • Spanish: cuchillo (see there for further descendants)
    • → Aragonese: cuchiello, cochillo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: gorteddu, gurteddu, cultedhu, culteddu, boltedhu, bulteddu
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *kullell
    • Breton: kontell
    • Cornish: kollell
    • Middle Welsh: kyllell
      • Welsh: cyllell

References

• “cultellus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “cultellus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "cultellus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “cultellus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.