espinho

See also: Espinho

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

• despinho, espĩho, espino, espynho, spĩho, spim, spinho

Etymology

Inherited from Latin spīnus, from spīna, from Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey-. Cognate with Old Spanish espino.

Noun

espinho m (plural espinhos)

1. thorn (sharp protective spine of a plant)

   Synonym: espinha

2. (loosely) spike
   • 1373 January 20, Fernán Martís, “Cõmo Pyrius tomou porto en Sepeliadoꝛ. Et cõmo Achou A poleus, ſſeu Auoo” (chapter 496), in Cronica Troiana [Trojan Chronicle], Kingdom of Galicia, translation of Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure (in Old French), →OCLC, manuscript MSS/10233, page 187r:

     Et achou hũa coua rredonda ⁊ muyto alta. Et era toda çrcada deſpinos en derredoꝛ.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

• espinheiro
• espinhela
• espinhoso

Descendants

• Fala: (Mañegu, Valverdeñu) espiñu, (Lagarteiru) ispiñu
• Galician: espiño
• Portuguese: espinho

References

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “espinho”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2026), “espinho”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa
• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “espino”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /isˈpĩ.ɲu/ [isˈpĩ.j̃u], /esˈpĩ.ɲu/ [esˈpĩ.j̃u]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /isˈpĩ.ɲu/ [isˈpĩ.j̃u], /esˈpĩ.ɲu/ [esˈpĩ.j̃u]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /iʃˈpĩ.ɲu/ [iʃˈpĩ.j̃u], /eʃˈpĩ.ɲu/ [eʃˈpĩ.j̃u]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /esˈpi.ɲo/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /(i)ʃˈpi.ɲu/

• Audio (Portugal):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɲu
• Homophone: Espinho
• Hyphenation: es‧pi‧nho

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espinho, from Latin spīnus (“thorn-bush”).

Noun

espinho m (plural espinhos)

1. thorn (sharp protective spine of a plant)
2. (by extension) any sharp point

   Synonym: ponta

3. (botany, specifically) a thorn which grows from the woody core of a plant, as opposed to an acúleo, which grows from the epidermis

Derived terms

• espinhão (augmentative)
• espinho de São João
• espinho-agulha
• espinho-branco
• espinho-de-carneiro
• espinho-de-cerca
• espinho-de-cristo
• espinho-de-jerusalém
• espinho-de-maricá
• espinho-de-Santo-Antônio
• espinhozinho (diminutive)
• porco-espinho

Related terms

• espinal
• espinel
• espinha
• espinhaço
• espinhal
• espinhar
• espinheiral
• espinheiro
• espinhel
• espinhela
• espinhento
• espinhoso
• espinhudo
• espinífero
• espiniforme
• espínula

Etymology 2

Verb

espinho

1. first-person singular present indicative of espinhar

Further reading

• “espinho”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “espinho”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026