espinha

Galician

Noun

espinha f (plural espinhas, reintegrationist norm)

1. reintegrationist spelling of espiña

Further reading

• “espinha”, in Dicionário Estraviz de galego (in Galician), 2014–2026

Old Galician-Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Latin spīna (“thorn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /esˈpi.ɲa/

Noun

espinha f (plural espinhas)

1. thorn, stinger
   • 1420, Álvaro Eans das Eiras, transl., Tratado de Albeitaria, translation of De Medicina Equorum by Giordano Ruffo, page 135:

     Conteçe aas uezes que por caiom nas junturas ou nos jeollos ou nos pees ou en outra parte do Cauallo entra espina ou estrepe ou escadeẽa de madeiro et fica ontre a carne en algũa maneira daquella chaga jncha todo arredor, et as uezes toda a coyxa moormente see a espina ou a escadeẽa tange alguun neruo, que faz o Cauallo çopegar.

     It sometimes happens, occasionally, that in the joints or the knees or the feet of in another part of the horse enters a thorn or a spike or a splinter, and then it stays in between the meat; and somehow from that wound swells everything which is around, and sometimes all the thigh, mostly when the thorn or splinter touches any nerve, which causes the horse to limp

2. (figurative) bite

Descendants

• Fala: (Mañegu, Valverdeñu) espiña, (Lagarteiru) ispiña
• Galician: espiña
• Portuguese: espinha

Further reading

• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “espinha”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Cunha, Antônio Geraldo da (2020–2026), “espinha”, in Vocabulário histórico-cronológico do português medieval [Historical and chronological vocabulary of Medieval Portuguese] (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Fundação Casa de Rui Barbosa
• Ferreiro, Manuel (2014–2026), “espinha”, in Universo Cantigas: edición crítica da poesía medieval galego-portuguesa [Universo Cantigas: critical edition of Galician-Portuguese medieval poetry] (in Galician), A Coruña: University of A Coruña, →ISSN
• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “espinna”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Portuguese

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espinha, from Latin spīna (“thorn”), from Proto-Italic *speinā, from Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“sharp point”). Cognate with Galician espiña. The sense of "spine" or "thorn" was lost to espinho.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /isˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [isˈpĩ.j̃ɐ], /esˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [esˈpĩ.j̃ɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /isˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [isˈpĩ.j̃ɐ], /esˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [esˈpĩ.j̃ɐ]
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /iʃˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [iʃˈpĩ.j̃ɐ], /eʃˈpĩ.ɲɐ/ [eʃˈpĩ.j̃ɐ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /esˈpi.ɲa/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /(i)ʃˈpi.ɲɐ/

• Rhymes: -iɲɐ
• Hyphenation: es‧pi‧nha

Noun

espinha f (plural espinhas)

1. backbone
2. fishbone
3. pimple

Synonyms

• (backbone): coluna, coluna vertebral, costas, espinha dorsal, espinhaço, dorso
• (acne): acne, erupção

Derived terms

• espinha dorsal
• espinhal
• espinhela
• sem espinhas

Related terms

• espinal
• espinhaço
• espinhado
• espinhar
• espinheiral
• espinheiro
• espinhento
• espinho
• espinhoso
• espiniforme

Further reading

• “espinha” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913
• “espinha”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “espinha”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Etymology 2

Verb

espinha

1. inflection of espinhar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “espinha”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026