espionage

English

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

Recorded since 1793, borrowed from French espionnage, from Middle French espionner (“to spy”), from Old French espion (“spy”), itself probably from a Germanic source (akin to Old High German spehon (“spy”)), possibly via Italian spione (from spia). More at spy.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.pi.ə.ˌnɑːʒ/ enPR: ĕsʹ-pē-ə-näzh
  • enPR: -năzh, -nizh

Noun

espionage (countable and uncountable, plural espionages)

1. The act or process of learning secret information through clandestine means.

Synonyms

• spying

Coordinate terms

• reconnaissance
• undercover

Derived terms

• counterespionage, counter-espionage
• industrial espionage

Translations

act of learning secret information through clandestine means

• Arabic: تَجَسُّس m (tajassus), جَاسُوسِيَّة f (jāsūsiyya)
• Armenian: լրտեսություն (hy) (lrtesutʻyun)
• Bulgarian: шпионаж (bg) m (špionaž)
• Catalan: espionatge m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 間諜活動／间谍活动 (zh) (jiàndié huódòng), 间谍活动 (zh) (jiàndié huódòng)

• Czech: špionáž f
• Danish: spionage c
• Dutch: spionage (nl)
• Esperanto: spionado
• Estonian: spionaaž
• Finnish: vakoilu (fi)
• French: espionnage (fr) m
• Georgian: შპიონაჟი (šṗionaži), აგენტურა (agenṭura)
• German: Spionage (de) f
• Greek: κατασκοπία (el) f (kataskopía)
• Hebrew: ריגול (rigol)
• Hindi: जासूसी (hi) (jāsūsī)
• Hungarian: kémkedés (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: spionaggio (it) m
• Japanese: スパイ行為 (supai-kōi)
• Latin: speculatio f
• Ngazidja Comorian: udjasusi class 11
• Norwegian: spionasje m
• Persian: جاسوسی (fa) (jâsusi)
• Polish: szpiegostwo (pl) n, wywiad (pl) m
• Portuguese: espionagem (pt) f
• Romanian: spionaj (ro) n
• Russian: шпиона́ж (ru) m (špionáž)
• Serbo-Croatian: špijunáža (sh) f
• Spanish: espionaje (es) m
• Swedish: spioneri (sv) n, spionage (sv) n
• Tagalog: pagbatyaw
• Telugu: వేగు (te) (vēgu)
• Thai: จารกรรม (jaa-rá-gam)
• Turkish: casusluk (tr)
• Urdu: جاسوسی (jāsūsī)
• Yiddish: שפּיאָנאַזש m (shpyonazh)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• (deprecated template usage) Japanese: 諜報活動 (ちょうほうかつどう, chōhō katsudō)
• (deprecated template usage) Korean: 간첩 (ko) (gancheop), 간첩행위 (gancheophaeng'wi)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} speculatio
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} casusluk (tr)

Anagrams

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