excommunico

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs

Proto-Italic *eks

Latin ex

Latin ex-

Proto-Indo-European *mey-

Proto-Indo-European *ḱom-moy-ni-s

Proto-Italic *kommoinis

Old Latin comoinis

Latin commūnis

Latin -ic-

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Latin -ō

Latin -icō

Latin commūnicō

Latin excommūnicō

From ex- (“out”) + commūnicō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɛk.skɔmˈmuː.nɪ.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ek.skomˈmuː.ni.ko]

Verb

excommūnicō (present infinitive excommūnicāre); first conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

1. (Late Latin) to excommunicate

Conjugation

   Conjugation of excommūnicō (first conjugation, no perfect or supine stems)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	excommūnicō		excommūnicās		excommūnicat		excommūnicāmus		excommūnicātis		excommūnicant
	imperfect	excommūnicābam		excommūnicābās		excommūnicābat		excommūnicābāmus		excommūnicābātis		excommūnicābant
	future	excommūnicābō		excommūnicābis		excommūnicābit		excommūnicābimus		excommūnicābitis		excommūnicābunt
passive	present	excommūnicor		excommūnicāris, excommūnicāre		excommūnicātur		excommūnicāmur		excommūnicāminī		excommūnicantur
	imperfect	excommūnicābar		excommūnicābāris, excommūnicābāre		excommūnicābātur		excommūnicābāmur		excommūnicābāminī		excommūnicābantur
	future	excommūnicābor		excommūnicāberis, excommūnicābere		excommūnicābitur		excommūnicābimur		excommūnicābiminī		excommūnicābuntur
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	excommūnicem		excommūnicēs		excommūnicet		excommūnicēmus		excommūnicētis		excommūnicent
	imperfect	excommūnicārem		excommūnicārēs		excommūnicāret		excommūnicārēmus		excommūnicārētis		excommūnicārent
passive	present	excommūnicer		excommūnicēris, excommūnicēre		excommūnicētur		excommūnicēmur		excommūnicēminī		excommūnicentur
	imperfect	excommūnicārer		excommūnicārēris, excommūnicārēre		excommūnicārētur		excommūnicārēmur		excommūnicārēminī		excommūnicārentur
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		excommūnicā		—		—		excommūnicāte		—
	future	—		excommūnicātō		excommūnicātō		—		excommūnicātōte		excommūnicantō
passive	present	—		excommūnicāre		—		—		excommūnicāminī		—
	future	—		excommūnicātor		excommūnicātor		—		—		excommūnicantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		excommūnicāre			excommūnicārī			excommūnicāns			—
future		—			—			—			excommūnicandus
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		excommūnicandī		excommūnicandō		excommūnicandum		excommūnicandō		—		—

Derived terms

• excommunicatio

Descendants

• Padanian:
  • Old Lombard: scuminiar
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: escomengier
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old Catalan: escombregar
  • Old Occitan: escomengar
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: escomungar ⇒ descomungar
    • Portuguese: excomungar (latinized prefix)
  • Old Spanish: escomulgar ⇒ descomulgar
    • Spanish: descomulgar, excomulgar (latinized prefix)
• Borrowed:
  • → Catalan: excomunicar
  • → English: excommunicate
  • → French: excomuniquer
  • →? Italian: scomunicare
  • → Romanian: excomunica

References

• “excommunico”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “excommunico”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “excommunicare”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), volume 3: D–F, page 279