gercer
French
Etymology
From Middle French garser (“to skin, flay”), from Old French garser, jarser (“to gash, wound”), possibly from Lua error in Module:parameters at line 291: Parameter 2 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "LL" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., charaxāre, from Ancient Greek χαράσσειν (kharássein, “to cut, incise”). Alternatively from Latin *carptiāre, from carpĕre (“to pull, pluck”).
Cognate with Galician sarxar and Spanish sajar, both from Old French.
Pronunciation
Verb
gercer
- (transitive, intransitive) to chap, become chapped
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which 'c' is softened to a 'ç' before the vowels 'a' and 'o'.
Conjugation of gercer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | gercer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | gerçant /ʒɛʁ.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | gercé /ʒɛʁ.se/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerces /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerçons /ʒɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
gercez /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
gercent /ʒɛʁs/ |
imperfect | gerçais /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gerçais /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gerçait /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ |
gercions /ʒɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
gerciez /ʒɛʁ.sje/ |
gerçaient /ʒɛʁ.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | gerçai /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
gerças /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerça /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerçâmes /ʒɛʁ.sam/ |
gerçâtes /ʒɛʁ.sat/ |
gercèrent /ʒɛʁ.sɛʁ/ | |
future | gercerai /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
gerceras /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
gercera /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁa/ |
gercerons /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ |
gercerez /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁe/ |
gerceront /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | gercerais /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerais /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerait /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ |
gercerions /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
gerceriez /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁje/ |
gerceraient /ʒɛʁ.sə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerces /ʒɛʁs/ |
gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
gercions /ʒɛʁ.sjɔ̃/ |
gerciez /ʒɛʁ.sje/ |
gercent /ʒɛʁs/ |
imperfect2 | gerçasse /ʒɛʁ.sas/ |
gerçasses /ʒɛʁ.sas/ |
gerçât /ʒɛʁ.sa/ |
gerçassions /ʒɛʁ.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
gerçassiez /ʒɛʁ.sa.sje/ |
gerçassent /ʒɛʁ.sas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | gerce /ʒɛʁs/ |
— | gerçons /ʒɛʁ.sɔ̃/ |
gercez /ʒɛʁ.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
Further reading
- “gercer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Ancient Greek
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French transitive verbs
- French intransitive verbs
- French verbs with conjugation -cer
- French first group verbs