grán

See also: Appendix:Variations of "gran"

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡraːn]

Etymology 1

From a South Slavic language.

Noun

grán m anim

1. (archaic, colloquial) door-to-door peddler

Declension

Declension of grán (hard masculine animate)

	singular	plural
nominative	grán	gráni
genitive	grána	gránů
dative	gránovi, gránu	gránům
accusative	grána	grány
vocative	gráne	gráni
locative	gránovi, gránu	gránech
instrumental	gránem	grány

Etymology 2

Noun

grán m inan

1. grain (unit of weight)

Declension

Declension of grán (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	grán	grány
genitive	gránu	gránů
dative	gránu	gránům
accusative	grán	grány
vocative	gráne	grány
locative	gránu	gránech
instrumental	gránem	grány

Further reading

• “grán”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “grán”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “grán”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish grán, from Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.

Pronunciation

• (Munster) IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠɑːn̪ˠ/
• (Connacht) IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠɑːnˠ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠaːnˠ/

Noun

grán m (genitive singular gráin)

1. grain (harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops)

Declension

Declension of grán (first declension, no plural)

bare forms singular nominative grán vocative a ghráin genitive gráin dative grán forms with the definite article singular nominative an grán genitive an ghráin dative leis an ngrán don ghrán

Derived terms

• grán buí

Related terms

• gráinne

Mutation

Mutated forms of grán

radical	lenition	eclipsis
grán	ghrán	ngrán

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “grán”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “grán”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “grán”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *grānom, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵr̥h₂nóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɾaːn/

Noun

grán m (genitive gráin)

1. grain (harvested seeds of various grass-related food crops)

Declension

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	grán	gránL	gráinL
vocative	gráin	gránL	gránuH
accusative	gránN	gránL	gránuH
genitive	gráinL	grán	gránN
dative	gránL	gránaib	gránaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• gráinne
  • Irish: gráinne
  • Manx: grine
  • Scottish Gaelic: gràinne

Descendants

• Irish: grán
• Scottish Gaelic: gràn

Mutation

Mutation of grán

radical	lenition	nasalization
grán	grán pronounced with /ɣ-/	ngrán

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “grán”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language