hindra
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Icelandic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Norse hindra, from Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
hindra (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative hindraði, supine hindrað)
- (transitive, with accusative) to hinder, to obstruct, to block
Conjugation[edit]
hindra — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hindra | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
hindrað | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hindrandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég hindra | við hindrum | present (nútíð) |
ég hindri | við hindrum |
| þú hindrar | þið hindrið | þú hindrir | þið hindrið | ||
| hann, hún, það hindrar | þeir, þær, þau hindra | hann, hún, það hindri | þeir, þær, þau hindri | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég hindraði | við hindruðum | past (þátíð) |
ég hindraði | við hindruðum |
| þú hindraðir | þið hindruðuð | þú hindraðir | þið hindruðuð | ||
| hann, hún, það hindraði | þeir, þær, þau hindruðu | hann, hún, það hindraði | þeir, þær, þau hindruðu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
hindra (þú) | hindrið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| hindraðu | hindriði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að hindrast | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
hindrast | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
hindrandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég hindrast | við hindrumst | present (nútíð) |
ég hindrist | við hindrumst |
| þú hindrast | þið hindrist | þú hindrist | þið hindrist | ||
| hann, hún, það hindrast | þeir, þær, þau hindrast | hann, hún, það hindrist | þeir, þær, þau hindrist | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég hindraðist | við hindruðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég hindraðist | við hindruðumst |
| þú hindraðist | þið hindruðust | þú hindraðist | þið hindruðust | ||
| hann, hún, það hindraðist | þeir, þær, þau hindruðust | hann, hún, það hindraðist | þeir, þær, þau hindruðust | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
hindrast (þú) | hindrist (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| hindrastu | hindristi * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
hindraður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
hindraður | hindruð | hindrað | hindraðir | hindraðar | hindruð | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
hindraðan | hindraða | hindrað | hindraða | hindraðar | hindruð | |
| dative (þágufall) |
hindruðum | hindraðri | hindruðu | hindruðum | hindruðum | hindruðum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
hindraðs | hindraðrar | hindraðs | hindraðra | hindraðra | hindraðra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
hindraði | hindraða | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
hindraða | hindruðu | hindraða | hindruðu | hindruðu | hindruðu | |
Synonyms[edit]
- (to hinder, to block): teppa
Derived terms[edit]
Norwegian Bokmål[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
hindra n
Verb[edit]
hindra
Norwegian Nynorsk[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Old Norse hindra, from Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
hindra (present tense hindrar, past tense hindra, past participle hindra, passive infinitive hindrast, present participle hindrande, imperative hindra/hindr)
- a-infinitive form of hindre
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
hindra n
Anagrams[edit]
Old Norse[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From Proto-Germanic *hinderōną.
Verb[edit]
hindra
- (transitive) to hinder, to keep behind
- (intransitive) to loiter, linger
- hindra eptir e-u
- to loiter about a thing
- (impersonal) to want, lack
- e-n hindrar e-t
- someone lacks something
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of hindra — active (weak class 2)
| infinitive | hindra | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | hindrandi | |
| past participle | hindraðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | hindra | hindraða |
| 2nd-person singular | hindrar | hindraðir |
| 3rd-person singular | hindrar | hindraði |
| 1st-person plural | hindrum | hindruðum |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrið | hindruðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | hindra | hindruðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | hindra | hindraða |
| 2nd-person singular | hindrir | hindraðir |
| 3rd-person singular | hindri | hindraði |
| 1st-person plural | hindrim | hindraðim |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrið | hindraðið |
| 3rd-person plural | hindri | hindraði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | hindra | |
| 1st-person plural | hindrum | |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrið | |
Conjugation of hindra — mediopassive (weak class 2)
| infinitive | hindrask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | hindrandisk | |
| past participle | hindrazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | hindrumk | hindruðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | hindrask | hindraðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | hindrask | hindraðisk |
| 1st-person plural | hindrumsk | hindruðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrizk | hindruðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | hindrask | hindruðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | hindrumk | hindruðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
| 1st-person plural | hindrimsk | hindraðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrizk | hindraðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | hindrisk | hindraðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | hindrask | |
| 1st-person plural | hindrumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | hindrizk | |
Descendants[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Adjective[edit]
hindra
Etymology 3[edit]
Noun[edit]
hindra n
References[edit]
- “hindra”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
Anagrams[edit]
Swedish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old Swedish hindra, from Old Norse hindra (“hinder, stay, delay”), probably from Proto-Germanic *hindrōną (“to put back”), from Proto-Indo-European *k(')enta (“down, below, with, far, along, against”), from *ḱen- (“to set oneself in motion, arise”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Audio (file)
Verb[edit]
hindra (present hindrar, preterite hindrade, supine hindrat, imperative hindra)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of hindra (weak)
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | hindra | hindras | ||
| Supine | hindrat | hindrats | ||
| Imperative | hindra | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | hindren | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | hindrar | hindrade | hindras | hindrades |
| Ind. plural1 | hindra | hindrade | hindras | hindrades |
| Subjunctive2 | hindre | hindrade | hindres | hindrades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | hindrande | |||
| Past participle | hindrad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- hindra in Svenska Akademiens ordböcker
- hindra in Elof Hellquist, Svensk etymologisk ordbok (1st ed., 1922)
Anagrams[edit]
Categories:
- Icelandic terms inherited from Old Norse
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