(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
-hlînza
- to butcher
- to skin, to flay
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
-hlínza
- (transitive) to skin
- (transitive) to murder
- (transitive) to cut open, to operate
- (transitive) to criticize severely
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukuhlinza
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuhlinza
|
ukungahlinzi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
hlinza
|
-hlinze
|
Plural
|
hlinzani
|
-hlinzeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyahlinza, ngihlinza
|
engihlinzayo, engihlinza
|
ngihlinza
|
angihlinzi
|
engingahlinzi
|
ngingahlinzi
|
2nd singular
|
uyahlinza, uhlinza
|
ohlinzayo, ohlinza
|
uhlinza
|
awuhlinzi
|
ongahlinzi
|
ungahlinzi
|
1st plural
|
siyahlinza, sihlinza
|
esihlinzayo, esihlinza
|
sihlinza
|
asihlinzi
|
esingahlinzi
|
singahlinzi
|
2nd plural
|
niyahlinza, nihlinza
|
enihlinzayo, enihlinza
|
nihlinza
|
anihlinzi
|
eningahlinzi
|
ningahlinzi
|
Class 1
|
uyahlinza, uhlinza
|
ohlinzayo, ohlinza
|
ehlinza
|
akahlinzi
|
ongahlinzi
|
engahlinzi
|
Class 2
|
bayahlinza, bahlinza
|
abahlinzayo, abahlinza
|
behlinza
|
abahlinzi
|
abangahlinzi
|
bengahlinzi
|
Class 3
|
uyahlinza, uhlinza
|
ohlinzayo, ohlinza
|
uhlinza
|
awuhlinzi
|
ongahlinzi
|
ungahlinzi
|
Class 4
|
iyahlinza, ihlinza
|
ehlinzayo, ehlinza
|
ihlinza
|
ayihlinzi
|
engahlinzi
|
ingahlinzi
|
Class 5
|
liyahlinza, lihlinza
|
elihlinzayo, elihlinza
|
lihlinza
|
alihlinzi
|
elingahlinzi
|
lingahlinzi
|
Class 6
|
ayahlinza, ahlinza
|
ahlinzayo, ahlinza
|
ehlinza
|
awahlinzi
|
angahlinzi
|
engahlinzi
|
Class 7
|
siyahlinza, sihlinza
|
esihlinzayo, esihlinza
|
sihlinza
|
asihlinzi
|
esingahlinzi
|
singahlinzi
|
Class 8
|
ziyahlinza, zihlinza
|
ezihlinzayo, ezihlinza
|
zihlinza
|
azihlinzi
|
ezingahlinzi
|
zingahlinzi
|
Class 9
|
iyahlinza, ihlinza
|
ehlinzayo, ehlinza
|
ihlinza
|
ayihlinzi
|
engahlinzi
|
ingahlinzi
|
Class 10
|
ziyahlinza, zihlinza
|
ezihlinzayo, ezihlinza
|
zihlinza
|
azihlinzi
|
ezingahlinzi
|
zingahlinzi
|
Class 11
|
luyahlinza, luhlinza
|
oluhlinzayo, oluhlinza
|
luhlinza
|
aluhlinzi
|
olungahlinzi
|
lungahlinzi
|
Class 14
|
buyahlinza, buhlinza
|
obuhlinzayo, obuhlinza
|
buhlinza
|
abuhlinzi
|
obungahlinzi
|
bungahlinzi
|
Class 15
|
kuyahlinza, kuhlinza
|
okuhlinzayo, okuhlinza
|
kuhlinza
|
akuhlinzi
|
okungahlinzi
|
kungahlinzi
|
Class 17
|
kuyahlinza, kuhlinza
|
okuhlinzayo, okuhlinza
|
kuhlinza
|
akuhlinzi
|
okungahlinzi
|
kungahlinzi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngihlinzile, ngihlinzē
|
engihlinzile, engihlinzē
|
ngihlinzile, ngihlinzē
|
angihlinzanga
|
engingahlinzanga
|
ngingahlinzanga
|
2nd singular
|
uhlinzile, uhlinzē
|
ohlinzile, ohlinzē
|
uhlinzile, uhlinzē
|
awuhlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
ungahlinzanga
|
1st plural
|
sihlinzile, sihlinzē
|
esihlinzile, esihlinzē
|
sihlinzile, sihlinzē
|
asihlinzanga
|
esingahlinzanga
|
singahlinzanga
|
2nd plural
|
nihlinzile, nihlinzē
|
enihlinzile, enihlinzē
|
nihlinzile, nihlinzē
|
anihlinzanga
|
eningahlinzanga
|
ningahlinzanga
|
Class 1
|
uhlinzile, uhlinzē
|
ohlinzile, ohlinzē
|
ehlinzile, ehlinzē
|
akahlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
Class 2
|
bahlinzile, bahlinzē
|
abahlinzile, abahlinzē
|
behlinzile, behlinzē
|
abahlinzanga
|
abangahlinzanga
|
bengahlinzanga
|
Class 3
|
uhlinzile, uhlinzē
|
ohlinzile, ohlinzē
|
uhlinzile, uhlinzē
|
awuhlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
ungahlinzanga
|
Class 4
|
ihlinzile, ihlinzē
|
ehlinzile, ehlinzē
|
ihlinzile, ihlinzē
|
ayihlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
ingahlinzanga
|
Class 5
|
lihlinzile, lihlinzē
|
elihlinzile, elihlinzē
|
lihlinzile, lihlinzē
|
alihlinzanga
|
elingahlinzanga
|
lingahlinzanga
|
Class 6
|
ahlinzile, ahlinzē
|
ahlinzile, ahlinzē
|
ehlinzile, ehlinzē
|
awahlinzanga
|
angahlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
Class 7
|
sihlinzile, sihlinzē
|
esihlinzile, esihlinzē
|
sihlinzile, sihlinzē
|
asihlinzanga
|
esingahlinzanga
|
singahlinzanga
|
Class 8
|
zihlinzile, zihlinzē
|
ezihlinzile, ezihlinzē
|
zihlinzile, zihlinzē
|
azihlinzanga
|
ezingahlinzanga
|
zingahlinzanga
|
Class 9
|
ihlinzile, ihlinzē
|
ehlinzile, ehlinzē
|
ihlinzile, ihlinzē
|
ayihlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
ingahlinzanga
|
Class 10
|
zihlinzile, zihlinzē
|
ezihlinzile, ezihlinzē
|
zihlinzile, zihlinzē
|
azihlinzanga
|
ezingahlinzanga
|
zingahlinzanga
|
Class 11
|
luhlinzile, luhlinzē
|
oluhlinzile, oluhlinzē
|
luhlinzile, luhlinzē
|
aluhlinzanga
|
olungahlinzanga
|
lungahlinzanga
|
Class 14
|
buhlinzile, buhlinzē
|
obuhlinzile, obuhlinzē
|
buhlinzile, buhlinzē
|
abuhlinzanga
|
obungahlinzanga
|
bungahlinzanga
|
Class 15
|
kuhlinzile, kuhlinzē
|
okuhlinzile, okuhlinzē
|
kuhlinzile, kuhlinzē
|
akuhlinzanga
|
okungahlinzanga
|
kungahlinzanga
|
Class 17
|
kuhlinzile, kuhlinzē
|
okuhlinzile, okuhlinzē
|
kuhlinzile, kuhlinzē
|
akuhlinzanga
|
okungahlinzanga
|
kungahlinzanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāhlinza
|
engāhlinza
|
ngāhlinza
|
angihlinzanga
|
engingahlinzanga
|
ngingahlinzanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāhlinza
|
owāhlinza
|
wāhlinza
|
awuhlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
ungahlinzanga
|
1st plural
|
sāhlinza
|
esāhlinza
|
sāhlinza
|
asihlinzanga
|
esingahlinzanga
|
singahlinzanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāhlinza
|
enāhlinza
|
nāhlinza
|
anihlinzanga
|
eningahlinzanga
|
ningahlinzanga
|
Class 1
|
wāhlinza
|
owāhlinza
|
āhlinza
|
akahlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
Class 2
|
bāhlinza
|
abāhlinza
|
bāhlinza
|
abahlinzanga
|
abangahlinzanga
|
bengahlinzanga
|
Class 3
|
wāhlinza
|
owāhlinza
|
wāhlinza
|
awuhlinzanga
|
ongahlinzanga
|
ungahlinzanga
|
Class 4
|
yāhlinza
|
eyāhlinza
|
yāhlinza
|
ayihlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
ingahlinzanga
|
Class 5
|
lāhlinza
|
elāhlinza
|
lāhlinza
|
alihlinzanga
|
elingahlinzanga
|
lingahlinzanga
|
Class 6
|
āhlinza
|
āhlinza
|
āhlinza
|
awahlinzanga
|
angahlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
Class 7
|
sāhlinza
|
esāhlinza
|
sāhlinza
|
asihlinzanga
|
esingahlinzanga
|
singahlinzanga
|
Class 8
|
zāhlinza
|
ezāhlinza
|
zāhlinza
|
azihlinzanga
|
ezingahlinzanga
|
zingahlinzanga
|
Class 9
|
yāhlinza
|
eyāhlinza
|
yāhlinza
|
ayihlinzanga
|
engahlinzanga
|
ingahlinzanga
|
Class 10
|
zāhlinza
|
ezāhlinza
|
zāhlinza
|
azihlinzanga
|
ezingahlinzanga
|
zingahlinzanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāhlinza
|
olwāhlinza
|
lwāhlinza
|
aluhlinzanga
|
olungahlinzanga
|
lungahlinzanga
|
Class 14
|
bāhlinza
|
obāhlinza
|
bāhlinza
|
abuhlinzanga
|
obungahlinzanga
|
bungahlinzanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāhlinza
|
okwāhlinza
|
kwāhlinza
|
akuhlinzanga
|
okungahlinzanga
|
kungahlinzanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāhlinza
|
okwāhlinza
|
kwāhlinza
|
akuhlinzanga
|
okungahlinzanga
|
kungahlinzanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingahlinza
|
—
|
ngingahlinza
|
ngingehlinze
|
—
|
ngingehlinze
|
2nd singular
|
ungahlinza
|
—
|
ungahlinza
|
ungehlinze
|
—
|
ungehlinze
|
1st plural
|
singahlinza
|
—
|
singahlinza
|
singehlinze
|
—
|
singehlinze
|
2nd plural
|
ningahlinza
|
—
|
ningahlinza
|
ningehlinze
|
—
|
ningehlinze
|
Class 1
|
angahlinza
|
—
|
engahlinza
|
angehlinze
|
—
|
engehlinze
|
Class 2
|
bangahlinza
|
—
|
bengahlinza
|
bangehlinze
|
—
|
bengehlinze
|
Class 3
|
ungahlinza
|
—
|
ungahlinza
|
ungehlinze
|
—
|
ungehlinze
|
Class 4
|
ingahlinza
|
—
|
ingahlinza
|
ingehlinze
|
—
|
ingehlinze
|
Class 5
|
lingahlinza
|
—
|
lingahlinza
|
lingehlinze
|
—
|
lingehlinze
|
Class 6
|
angahlinza
|
—
|
engahlinza
|
angehlinze
|
—
|
engehlinze
|
Class 7
|
singahlinza
|
—
|
singahlinza
|
singehlinze
|
—
|
singehlinze
|
Class 8
|
zingahlinza
|
—
|
zingahlinza
|
zingehlinze
|
—
|
zingehlinze
|
Class 9
|
ingahlinza
|
—
|
ingahlinza
|
ingehlinze
|
—
|
ingehlinze
|
Class 10
|
zingahlinza
|
—
|
zingahlinza
|
zingehlinze
|
—
|
zingehlinze
|
Class 11
|
lungahlinza
|
—
|
lungahlinza
|
lungehlinze
|
—
|
lungehlinze
|
Class 14
|
bungahlinza
|
—
|
bungahlinza
|
bungehlinze
|
—
|
bungehlinze
|
Class 15
|
kungahlinza
|
—
|
kungahlinza
|
kungehlinze
|
—
|
kungehlinze
|
Class 17
|
kungahlinza
|
—
|
kungahlinza
|
kungehlinze
|
—
|
kungehlinze
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizohlinza
|
engizohlinza
|
ngizohlinza
|
angizuhlinza
|
engingezuhlinza
|
ngingezuhlinza
|
2nd singular
|
uzohlinza
|
ozohlinza
|
uzohlinza
|
awuzuhlinza
|
ongezuhlinza
|
ungezuhlinza
|
1st plural
|
sizohlinza
|
esizohlinza
|
sizohlinza
|
asizuhlinza
|
esingezuhlinza
|
singezuhlinza
|
2nd plural
|
nizohlinza
|
enizohlinza
|
nizohlinza
|
anizuhlinza
|
eningezuhlinza
|
ningezuhlinza
|
Class 1
|
uzohlinza
|
ozohlinza
|
ezohlinza
|
akazuhlinza
|
ongezuhlinza
|
engezuhlinza
|
Class 2
|
bazohlinza
|
abazohlinza
|
bezohlinza
|
abazuhlinza
|
abangezuhlinza
|
bengezuhlinza
|
Class 3
|
uzohlinza
|
ozohlinza
|
uzohlinza
|
awuzuhlinza
|
ongezuhlinza
|
ungezuhlinza
|
Class 4
|
izohlinza
|
ezohlinza
|
izohlinza
|
ayizuhlinza
|
engezuhlinza
|
ingezuhlinza
|
Class 5
|
lizohlinza
|
elizohlinza
|
lizohlinza
|
alizuhlinza
|
elingezuhlinza
|
lingezuhlinza
|
Class 6
|
azohlinza
|
azohlinza
|
ezohlinza
|
awazuhlinza
|
angezuhlinza
|
engezuhlinza
|
Class 7
|
sizohlinza
|
esizohlinza
|
sizohlinza
|
asizuhlinza
|
esingezuhlinza
|
singezuhlinza
|
Class 8
|
zizohlinza
|
ezizohlinza
|
zizohlinza
|
azizuhlinza
|
ezingezuhlinza
|
zingezuhlinza
|
Class 9
|
izohlinza
|
ezohlinza
|
izohlinza
|
ayizuhlinza
|
engezuhlinza
|
ingezuhlinza
|
Class 10
|
zizohlinza
|
ezizohlinza
|
zizohlinza
|
azizuhlinza
|
ezingezuhlinza
|
zingezuhlinza
|
Class 11
|
luzohlinza
|
oluzohlinza
|
luzohlinza
|
aluzuhlinza
|
olungezuhlinza
|
lungezuhlinza
|
Class 14
|
buzohlinza
|
obuzohlinza
|
buzohlinza
|
abuzuhlinza
|
obungezuhlinza
|
bungezuhlinza
|
Class 15
|
kuzohlinza
|
okuzohlinza
|
kuzohlinza
|
akuzuhlinza
|
okungezuhlinza
|
kungezuhlinza
|
Class 17
|
kuzohlinza
|
okuzohlinza
|
kuzohlinza
|
akuzuhlinza
|
okungezuhlinza
|
kungezuhlinza
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyohlinza
|
engiyohlinza
|
ngiyohlinza
|
angiyuhlinza
|
engingeyuhlinza
|
ngingeyuhlinza
|
2nd singular
|
uyohlinza
|
oyohlinza
|
uyohlinza
|
awuyuhlinza
|
ongeyuhlinza
|
ungeyuhlinza
|
1st plural
|
siyohlinza
|
esiyohlinza
|
siyohlinza
|
asiyuhlinza
|
esingeyuhlinza
|
singeyuhlinza
|
2nd plural
|
niyohlinza
|
eniyohlinza
|
niyohlinza
|
aniyuhlinza
|
eningeyuhlinza
|
ningeyuhlinza
|
Class 1
|
uyohlinza
|
oyohlinza
|
eyohlinza
|
akayuhlinza
|
ongeyuhlinza
|
engeyuhlinza
|
Class 2
|
bayohlinza
|
abayohlinza
|
beyohlinza
|
abayuhlinza
|
abangeyuhlinza
|
bengeyuhlinza
|
Class 3
|
uyohlinza
|
oyohlinza
|
uyohlinza
|
awuyuhlinza
|
ongeyuhlinza
|
ungeyuhlinza
|
Class 4
|
iyohlinza
|
eyohlinza
|
iyohlinza
|
ayiyuhlinza
|
engeyuhlinza
|
ingeyuhlinza
|
Class 5
|
liyohlinza
|
eliyohlinza
|
liyohlinza
|
aliyuhlinza
|
elingeyuhlinza
|
lingeyuhlinza
|
Class 6
|
ayohlinza
|
ayohlinza
|
eyohlinza
|
awayuhlinza
|
angeyuhlinza
|
engeyuhlinza
|
Class 7
|
siyohlinza
|
esiyohlinza
|
siyohlinza
|
asiyuhlinza
|
esingeyuhlinza
|
singeyuhlinza
|
Class 8
|
ziyohlinza
|
eziyohlinza
|
ziyohlinza
|
aziyuhlinza
|
ezingeyuhlinza
|
zingeyuhlinza
|
Class 9
|
iyohlinza
|
eyohlinza
|
iyohlinza
|
ayiyuhlinza
|
engeyuhlinza
|
ingeyuhlinza
|
Class 10
|
ziyohlinza
|
eziyohlinza
|
ziyohlinza
|
aziyuhlinza
|
ezingeyuhlinza
|
zingeyuhlinza
|
Class 11
|
luyohlinza
|
oluyohlinza
|
luyohlinza
|
aluyuhlinza
|
olungeyuhlinza
|
lungeyuhlinza
|
Class 14
|
buyohlinza
|
obuyohlinza
|
buyohlinza
|
abuyuhlinza
|
obungeyuhlinza
|
bungeyuhlinza
|
Class 15
|
kuyohlinza
|
okuyohlinza
|
kuyohlinza
|
akuyuhlinza
|
okungeyuhlinza
|
kungeyuhlinza
|
Class 17
|
kuyohlinza
|
okuyohlinza
|
kuyohlinza
|
akuyuhlinza
|
okungeyuhlinza
|
kungeyuhlinza
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngihlinze
|
ngingahlinzi
|
2nd singular
|
uhlinze
|
ungahlinzi
|
1st plural
|
sihlinze
|
singahlinzi
|
2nd plural
|
nihlinze
|
ningahlinzi
|
Class 1
|
ahlinze
|
angahlinzi
|
Class 2
|
bahlinze
|
bangahlinzi
|
Class 3
|
uhlinze
|
ungahlinzi
|
Class 4
|
ihlinze
|
ingahlinzi
|
Class 5
|
lihlinze
|
lingahlinzi
|
Class 6
|
ahlinze
|
angahlinzi
|
Class 7
|
sihlinze
|
singahlinzi
|
Class 8
|
zihlinze
|
zingahlinzi
|
Class 9
|
ihlinze
|
ingahlinzi
|
Class 10
|
zihlinze
|
zingahlinzi
|
Class 11
|
luhlinze
|
lungahlinzi
|
Class 14
|
buhlinze
|
bungahlinzi
|
Class 15
|
kuhlinze
|
kungahlinzi
|
Class 17
|
kuhlinze
|
kungahlinzi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngahlinza
|
ngangahlinza, angahlinza, angangahlinza
|
2nd singular
|
wahlinza
|
wangahlinza, awahlinza, awangahlinza
|
1st plural
|
sahlinza
|
sangahlinza, asahlinza, asangahlinza
|
2nd plural
|
nahlinza
|
nangahlinza, anahlinza, anangahlinza
|
Class 1
|
wahlinza
|
wangahlinza, akahlinza, akangahlinza
|
Class 2
|
bahlinza
|
bangahlinza, abahlinza, abangahlinza
|
Class 3
|
wahlinza
|
wangahlinza, awahlinza, awangahlinza
|
Class 4
|
yahlinza
|
yangahlinza, ayahlinza, ayangahlinza
|
Class 5
|
lahlinza
|
langahlinza, alahlinza, alangahlinza
|
Class 6
|
ahlinza
|
angahlinza, awahlinza, awangahlinza
|
Class 7
|
sahlinza
|
sangahlinza, asahlinza, asangahlinza
|
Class 8
|
zahlinza
|
zangahlinza, azahlinza, azangahlinza
|
Class 9
|
yahlinza
|
yangahlinza, ayahlinza, ayangahlinza
|
Class 10
|
zahlinza
|
zangahlinza, azahlinza, azangahlinza
|
Class 11
|
lwahlinza
|
lwangahlinza, alwahlinza, alwangahlinza
|
Class 14
|
bahlinza
|
bangahlinza, abahlinza, abangahlinza
|
Class 15
|
kwahlinza
|
kwangahlinza, akwahlinza, akwangahlinza
|
Class 17
|
kwahlinza
|
kwangahlinza, akwahlinza, akwangahlinza
|