jꜣwj

Egyptian

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /iɑuːi/
  • Conventional anglicization: iawi

Verb

 4ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) old [since the Old Kingdom]

Inflection

Conjugation of jꜣwj (fourth weak / 4ae inf. / IV. inf.) — base stem: jꜣw

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
jꜣwt, jꜣwj	jꜣww, jꜣwyw, jꜣw	jꜣwt, jꜣwwt, jꜣwyt	jꜣw	jꜣw, jꜣwy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
jꜣw8	ḥr jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj	m jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj	r jꜣwt, ḥr jꜣwj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	jꜣw.n	consecutive	jꜣw.jn
terminative	jꜣwt
perfective3	jꜣw	obligative1	jꜣw.ḫr
imperfective	jꜣw, jꜣwy
prospective3	jꜣww, jꜣw, jꜣwy	potentialis1	jꜣw.kꜣ
subjunctive	jꜣw, jꜣwy

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	jꜣw.n	—	—
perfective	jꜣww1, jꜣwy, jꜣw	jꜣw	jꜣwy, jꜣw
imperfective	jꜣw, jꜣwy, jꜣww5	jꜣw, jꜣwj6, jꜣwy6	jꜣw, jꜣww5
prospective	jꜣww1, jꜣwy, jꜣw, jꜣwtj7	jꜣwwtj1 4, jꜣwtj4, jꜣwt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

Synonyms

• tnj

Related terms

• jꜣw

Noun

 m

1. Alternative form of jꜣw (“old age”)

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, page 28.8
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 455.