khổ công

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Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦工.

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [xo˧˩ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kʰow˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [xow˧˨ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]
(Saigon) IPA^(key): [kʰow˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧] ~ [xow˨˩˦ kəwŋ͡m˧˧]

Adjective

khổ công

hard, labored, with much effort and concentration

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