koleso

Czech

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Slavic *kȍlo

Old Czech kolo

Old Czech -eso

Old Czech koleso

Czech koleso

Inherited from Old Czech koleso. By surface analysis, kolo (“wheel”) +‎ -eso.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkolɛso]
• Rhymes: -ɛso
• Hyphenation: ko‧le‧so

Noun

koleso n (relational adjective kolesový)

1. a big wheel

Declension

Declension of koleso (hard neuter)

	singular	plural
nominative	koleso	kolesa
genitive	kolesa	koles
dative	kolesu	kolesům
accusative	koleso	kolesa
vocative	koleso	kolesa
locative	kolese, kolesu	kolesech
instrumental	kolesem	kolesy

Derived terms

• kolesový
• kolesový parník
• lopatkové koleso

Related terms

• kolář
• kolo
• kolový

Further reading

• “koleso”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “koleso”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “koleso”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2026

Old Czech

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Slavic *kȍlo

Old Czech kolo

Old Czech -eso

Old Czech koleso

From kolo + -eso.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈkolɛso/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈkolɛso/

Noun

koleso n

1. wheel
2. (in the dual) two-wheeled cart
3. (in the plural) cart

Declension

Declension of koleso (hard o-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	koleso	kolesě	kolesa
genitive	kolesa	kolesú	koles
dative	kolesu	kolesoma	kolesóm
accusative	koleso	kolesě	kolesa
vocative	koleso	kolesě	kolesa
locative	kolesě, kolesu	kolesú	kolesiech
instrumental	kolesem	kolesoma	kolesy

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.

Descendants

• Czech: koleso

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “koleso”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *kʷelh₁-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Slavic *kolo

Slovak -eso

Slovak koleso

From Proto-Slavic *kolo (“wheel”) + Slovak -eso.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɔʎesɔ/, (high register) [ˈkɔʎesɔ], (common) [ˈkɔlesɔ]
• Rhymes: -esɔ
• Hyphenation: ko‧le‧so

Noun

koleso n (relational adjective kolesový, diminutive koliesko)

1. wheel
2. (slang) MDMA (or other substance commonly being used in a cylinder-shaped pellet, hence wheel)

Declension

Declension of koleso
(pattern mesto)

	singular	plural
nominative	koleso	kolesá
genitive	kolesa	kolies
dative	kolesu	kolesám
accusative	koleso	kolesá
locative	kolese	kolesách
instrumental	kolesom	kolesami

Derived terms

• kolesár
• kolieskový

Related terms

• kolár

Further reading

• “koleso”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026