Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish múchaid (“to cover over, press down, suffocate, quench”), from múch (“smoke, stifling vapour”).
Pronunciation
Verb
múch (present analytic múchann, future analytic múchfaidh, verbal noun múchadh, past participle múchta)
- to extinguish, quench (fire)
- to choke, strangle, suffocate, smother
- to quell, put down, suppress
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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múchaim
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múchann tú; múchair†
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múchann sé, sí
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múchaimid
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múchann sibh
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múchann siad; múchaid†
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a mhúchann; a mhúchas / a múchann*; a múchas*
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múchtar
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past
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mhúch mé; mhúchas
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mhúch tú; mhúchais
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mhúch sé, sí
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mhúchamar; mhúch muid
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mhúch sibh; mhúchabhair
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mhúch siad; mhúchadar
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a mhúch / ar mhúch*
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múchadh
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past habitual
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mhúchainn / múchainn‡‡
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mhúchtá / múchtᇇ
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mhúchadh sé, sí / múchadh sé, s퇇
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mhúchaimis; mhúchadh muid / múchaimis‡‡; múchadh muid‡‡
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mhúchadh sibh / múchadh sibh‡‡
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mhúchaidís; mhúchadh siad / múchaidís‡‡; múchadh siad‡‡
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a mhúchadh / a múchadh*
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mhúchtaí / múchta퇇
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future
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múchfaidh mé; múchfad
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múchfaidh tú; múchfair†
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múchfaidh sé, sí
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múchfaimid; múchfaidh muid
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múchfaidh sibh
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múchfaidh siad; múchfaid†
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a mhúchfaidh; a mhúchfas / a múchfaidh*; a múchfas*
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múchfar
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conditional
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mhúchfainn / múchfainn‡‡
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mhúchfá / múchfᇇ
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mhúchfadh sé, sí / múchfadh sé, s퇇
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mhúchfaimis; mhúchfadh muid / múchfaimis‡‡; múchfadh muid‡‡
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mhúchfadh sibh / múchfadh sibh‡‡
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mhúchfaidís; mhúchfadh siad / múchfaidís‡‡; múchfadh siad‡‡
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a mhúchfadh / a múchfadh*
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mhúchfaí / múchfa퇇
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subjunctive
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present
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go múcha mé; go múchad†
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go múcha tú; go múchair†
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go múcha sé, sí
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go múchaimid; go múcha muid
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go múcha sibh
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go múcha siad; go múchaid†
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—
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go múchtar
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past
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dá múchainn
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dá múchtá
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dá múchadh sé, sí
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dá múchaimis; dá múchadh muid
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dá múchadh sibh
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dá múchaidís; dá múchadh siad
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—
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dá múchtaí
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imperative
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múchaim
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múch
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múchadh sé, sí
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múchaimis
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múchaigí; múchaidh†
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múchaidís
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—
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múchtar
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verbal noun
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múchadh
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past participle
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múchta
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation
Irish mutation
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Radical
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Lenition
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Eclipsis
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múch
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mhúch
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not applicable
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Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “múchaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “múch”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
Slovak
Pronunciation
Noun
múch
- genitive plural of mucha