Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *mug-, *mūg-, onomatopoeic form, reminiscent of cow's lowing. Cognates include Ancient Greek μυκάομαι (mukáomai, “to low, bellow”), Lithuanian mū̃kti (“to bellow”) and Russian мычать (myčát, “to moo”).
Pronunciation
Verb
mūgiō (present infinitive mūgīre, perfect active mūgīvī or mūgiī, supine mūgītum); fourth conjugation, no passive
- I moo, low, bellow.
- (of inanimate things) I roar, rumble, bray, groan.
Conjugation
Conjugation of mūgiō (fourth conjugation, active only)
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indicative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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mūgiō
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mūgīs
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mūgit
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mūgīmus
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mūgītis
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mūgiunt
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imperfect
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mūgiēbam
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mūgiēbās
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mūgiēbat
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mūgiēbāmus
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mūgiēbātis
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mūgiēbant
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future
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mūgiam
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mūgiēs
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mūgiet
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mūgiēmus
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mūgiētis
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mūgient
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perfect
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mūgīvī, mūgiī
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mūgīvistī, mūgiistī
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mūgīvit, mūgiit
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mūgīvimus, mūgiimus
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mūgīvistis, mūgiistis
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mūgīvērunt, mūgīvēre, mūgiērunt, mūgiēre
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pluperfect
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mūgīveram, mūgieram
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mūgīverās, mūgierās
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mūgīverat, mūgierat
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mūgīverāmus, mūgierāmus
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mūgīverātis, mūgierātis
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mūgīverant, mūgierant
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future perfect
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mūgīverō, mūgierō
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mūgīveris, mūgieris
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mūgīverit, mūgierit
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mūgīverimus, mūgierimus
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mūgīveritis, mūgieritis
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mūgīverint, mūgierint
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subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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mūgiam
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mūgiās
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mūgiat
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mūgiāmus
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mūgiātis
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mūgiant
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imperfect
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mūgīrem
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mūgīrēs
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mūgīret
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mūgīrēmus
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mūgīrētis
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mūgīrent
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perfect
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mūgīverim, mūgierim
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mūgīverīs, mūgierīs
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mūgīverit, mūgierit
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mūgīverīmus, mūgierīmus
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mūgīverītis, mūgierītis
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mūgīverint, mūgierint
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pluperfect
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mūgīvissem, mūgiissem
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mūgīvissēs, mūgiissēs
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mūgīvisset, mūgiisset
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mūgīvissēmus, mūgiissēmus
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mūgīvissētis, mūgiissētis
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mūgīvissent, mūgiissent
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imperative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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—
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mūgī
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—
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—
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mūgīte
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—
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future
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—
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mūgītō
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mūgītō
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—
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mūgītōte
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mūgiuntō
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non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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infinitives
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mūgīre
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mūgīvisse, mūgiisse
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mūgītūrum esse
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—
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—
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—
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participles
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mūgiēns
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—
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mūgītūrus
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—
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—
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—
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verbal nouns
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gerund
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supine
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genitive
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dative
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accusative
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ablative
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accusative
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ablative
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mūgiendī
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mūgiendō
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mūgiendum
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mūgiendō
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mūgītum
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mūgītū
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Derived terms
Descendants
References
- “mugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “mugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- mugio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 392