munca

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See also: muncă

Xhosa

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-munca?

  1. to suck

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.


Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-munca

  1. (intransitive) to suck
    Synonym: -ncela
  2. (transitive) to suck up, to absorb

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive ukumunca
Positive Negative
Infinitive ukumunca ukungamunci
Imperative
Simple + object concord
Singular munca -munce
Plural muncani -munceni
Present
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyamunca, ngimunca engimuncayo, engimunca ngimunca angimunci engingamunci ngingamunci
2nd singular uyamunca, umunca omuncayo, omunca umunca awumunci ongamunci ungamunci
1st plural siyamunca, simunca esimuncayo, esimunca simunca asimunci esingamunci singamunci
2nd plural niyamunca, nimunca enimuncayo, enimunca nimunca animunci eningamunci ningamunci
Class 1 uyamunca, umunca omuncayo, omunca emunca akamunci ongamunci engamunci
Class 2 bayamunca, bamunca abamuncayo, abamunca bemunca abamunci abangamunci bengamunci
Class 3 uyamunca, umunca omuncayo, omunca umunca awumunci ongamunci ungamunci
Class 4 iyamunca, imunca emuncayo, emunca imunca ayimunci engamunci ingamunci
Class 5 liyamunca, limunca elimuncayo, elimunca limunca alimunci elingamunci lingamunci
Class 6 ayamunca, amunca amuncayo, amunca emunca awamunci angamunci engamunci
Class 7 siyamunca, simunca esimuncayo, esimunca simunca asimunci esingamunci singamunci
Class 8 ziyamunca, zimunca ezimuncayo, ezimunca zimunca azimunci ezingamunci zingamunci
Class 9 iyamunca, imunca emuncayo, emunca imunca ayimunci engamunci ingamunci
Class 10 ziyamunca, zimunca ezimuncayo, ezimunca zimunca azimunci ezingamunci zingamunci
Class 11 luyamunca, lumunca olumuncayo, olumunca lumunca alumunci olungamunci lungamunci
Class 14 buyamunca, bumunca obumuncayo, obumunca bumunca abumunci obungamunci bungamunci
Class 15 kuyamunca, kumunca okumuncayo, okumunca kumunca akumunci okungamunci kungamunci
Class 17 kuyamunca, kumunca okumuncayo, okumunca kumunca akumunci okungamunci kungamunci
Recent past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngimuncile, ngimuncē engimuncile, engimuncē ngimuncile, ngimuncē angimuncanga engingamuncanga ngingamuncanga
2nd singular umuncile, umuncē omuncile, omuncē umuncile, umuncē awumuncanga ongamuncanga ungamuncanga
1st plural simuncile, simuncē esimuncile, esimuncē simuncile, simuncē asimuncanga esingamuncanga singamuncanga
2nd plural nimuncile, nimuncē enimuncile, enimuncē nimuncile, nimuncē animuncanga eningamuncanga ningamuncanga
Class 1 umuncile, umuncē omuncile, omuncē emuncile, emuncē akamuncanga ongamuncanga engamuncanga
Class 2 bamuncile, bamuncē abamuncile, abamuncē bemuncile, bemuncē abamuncanga abangamuncanga bengamuncanga
Class 3 umuncile, umuncē omuncile, omuncē umuncile, umuncē awumuncanga ongamuncanga ungamuncanga
Class 4 imuncile, imuncē emuncile, emuncē imuncile, imuncē ayimuncanga engamuncanga ingamuncanga
Class 5 limuncile, limuncē elimuncile, elimuncē limuncile, limuncē alimuncanga elingamuncanga lingamuncanga
Class 6 amuncile, amuncē amuncile, amuncē emuncile, emuncē awamuncanga angamuncanga engamuncanga
Class 7 simuncile, simuncē esimuncile, esimuncē simuncile, simuncē asimuncanga esingamuncanga singamuncanga
Class 8 zimuncile, zimuncē ezimuncile, ezimuncē zimuncile, zimuncē azimuncanga ezingamuncanga zingamuncanga
Class 9 imuncile, imuncē emuncile, emuncē imuncile, imuncē ayimuncanga engamuncanga ingamuncanga
Class 10 zimuncile, zimuncē ezimuncile, ezimuncē zimuncile, zimuncē azimuncanga ezingamuncanga zingamuncanga
Class 11 lumuncile, lumuncē olumuncile, olumuncē lumuncile, lumuncē alumuncanga olungamuncanga lungamuncanga
Class 14 bumuncile, bumuncē obumuncile, obumuncē bumuncile, bumuncē abumuncanga obungamuncanga bungamuncanga
Class 15 kumuncile, kumuncē okumuncile, okumuncē kumuncile, kumuncē akumuncanga okungamuncanga kungamuncanga
Class 17 kumuncile, kumuncē okumuncile, okumuncē kumuncile, kumuncē akumuncanga okungamuncanga kungamuncanga
Remote past
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngāmunca engāmunca ngāmunca angimuncanga engingamuncanga ngingamuncanga
2nd singular wāmunca owāmunca wāmunca awumuncanga ongamuncanga ungamuncanga
1st plural sāmunca esāmunca sāmunca asimuncanga esingamuncanga singamuncanga
2nd plural nāmunca enāmunca nāmunca animuncanga eningamuncanga ningamuncanga
Class 1 wāmunca owāmunca āmunca akamuncanga ongamuncanga engamuncanga
Class 2 bāmunca abāmunca bāmunca abamuncanga abangamuncanga bengamuncanga
Class 3 wāmunca owāmunca wāmunca awumuncanga ongamuncanga ungamuncanga
Class 4 yāmunca eyāmunca yāmunca ayimuncanga engamuncanga ingamuncanga
Class 5 lāmunca elāmunca lāmunca alimuncanga elingamuncanga lingamuncanga
Class 6 āmunca āmunca āmunca awamuncanga angamuncanga engamuncanga
Class 7 sāmunca esāmunca sāmunca asimuncanga esingamuncanga singamuncanga
Class 8 zāmunca ezāmunca zāmunca azimuncanga ezingamuncanga zingamuncanga
Class 9 yāmunca eyāmunca yāmunca ayimuncanga engamuncanga ingamuncanga
Class 10 zāmunca ezāmunca zāmunca azimuncanga ezingamuncanga zingamuncanga
Class 11 lwāmunca olwāmunca lwāmunca alumuncanga olungamuncanga lungamuncanga
Class 14 bāmunca obāmunca bāmunca abumuncanga obungamuncanga bungamuncanga
Class 15 kwāmunca okwāmunca kwāmunca akumuncanga okungamuncanga kungamuncanga
Class 17 kwāmunca okwāmunca kwāmunca akumuncanga okungamuncanga kungamuncanga
Potential
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngingamunca ngingamunca ngingemunce ngingemunce
2nd singular ungamunca ungamunca ungemunce ungemunce
1st plural singamunca singamunca singemunce singemunce
2nd plural ningamunca ningamunca ningemunce ningemunce
Class 1 angamunca engamunca angemunce engemunce
Class 2 bangamunca bengamunca bangemunce bengemunce
Class 3 ungamunca ungamunca ungemunce ungemunce
Class 4 ingamunca ingamunca ingemunce ingemunce
Class 5 lingamunca lingamunca lingemunce lingemunce
Class 6 angamunca engamunca angemunce engemunce
Class 7 singamunca singamunca singemunce singemunce
Class 8 zingamunca zingamunca zingemunce zingemunce
Class 9 ingamunca ingamunca ingemunce ingemunce
Class 10 zingamunca zingamunca zingemunce zingemunce
Class 11 lungamunca lungamunca lungemunce lungemunce
Class 14 bungamunca bungamunca bungemunce bungemunce
Class 15 kungamunca kungamunca kungemunce kungemunce
Class 17 kungamunca kungamunca kungemunce kungemunce
Immediate future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngizomunca engizomunca ngizomunca angizumunca engingezumunca ngingezumunca
2nd singular uzomunca ozomunca uzomunca awuzumunca ongezumunca ungezumunca
1st plural sizomunca esizomunca sizomunca asizumunca esingezumunca singezumunca
2nd plural nizomunca enizomunca nizomunca anizumunca eningezumunca ningezumunca
Class 1 uzomunca ozomunca ezomunca akazumunca ongezumunca engezumunca
Class 2 bazomunca abazomunca bezomunca abazumunca abangezumunca bengezumunca
Class 3 uzomunca ozomunca uzomunca awuzumunca ongezumunca ungezumunca
Class 4 izomunca ezomunca izomunca ayizumunca engezumunca ingezumunca
Class 5 lizomunca elizomunca lizomunca alizumunca elingezumunca lingezumunca
Class 6 azomunca azomunca ezomunca awazumunca angezumunca engezumunca
Class 7 sizomunca esizomunca sizomunca asizumunca esingezumunca singezumunca
Class 8 zizomunca ezizomunca zizomunca azizumunca ezingezumunca zingezumunca
Class 9 izomunca ezomunca izomunca ayizumunca engezumunca ingezumunca
Class 10 zizomunca ezizomunca zizomunca azizumunca ezingezumunca zingezumunca
Class 11 luzomunca oluzomunca luzomunca aluzumunca olungezumunca lungezumunca
Class 14 buzomunca obuzomunca buzomunca abuzumunca obungezumunca bungezumunca
Class 15 kuzomunca okuzomunca kuzomunca akuzumunca okungezumunca kungezumunca
Class 17 kuzomunca okuzomunca kuzomunca akuzumunca okungezumunca kungezumunca
Remote future
Positive absolute Positive relative Positive participial Negative absolute Negative relative Negative participial
1st singular ngiyomunca engiyomunca ngiyomunca angiyumunca engingeyumunca ngingeyumunca
2nd singular uyomunca oyomunca uyomunca awuyumunca ongeyumunca ungeyumunca
1st plural siyomunca esiyomunca siyomunca asiyumunca esingeyumunca singeyumunca
2nd plural niyomunca eniyomunca niyomunca aniyumunca eningeyumunca ningeyumunca
Class 1 uyomunca oyomunca eyomunca akayumunca ongeyumunca engeyumunca
Class 2 bayomunca abayomunca beyomunca abayumunca abangeyumunca bengeyumunca
Class 3 uyomunca oyomunca uyomunca awuyumunca ongeyumunca ungeyumunca
Class 4 iyomunca eyomunca iyomunca ayiyumunca engeyumunca ingeyumunca
Class 5 liyomunca eliyomunca liyomunca aliyumunca elingeyumunca lingeyumunca
Class 6 ayomunca ayomunca eyomunca awayumunca angeyumunca engeyumunca
Class 7 siyomunca esiyomunca siyomunca asiyumunca esingeyumunca singeyumunca
Class 8 ziyomunca eziyomunca ziyomunca aziyumunca ezingeyumunca zingeyumunca
Class 9 iyomunca eyomunca iyomunca ayiyumunca engeyumunca ingeyumunca
Class 10 ziyomunca eziyomunca ziyomunca aziyumunca ezingeyumunca zingeyumunca
Class 11 luyomunca oluyomunca luyomunca aluyumunca olungeyumunca lungeyumunca
Class 14 buyomunca obuyomunca buyomunca abuyumunca obungeyumunca bungeyumunca
Class 15 kuyomunca okuyomunca kuyomunca akuyumunca okungeyumunca kungeyumunca
Class 17 kuyomunca okuyomunca kuyomunca akuyumunca okungeyumunca kungeyumunca
Present subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngimunce ngingamunci
2nd singular umunce ungamunci
1st plural simunce singamunci
2nd plural nimunce ningamunci
Class 1 amunce angamunci
Class 2 bamunce bangamunci
Class 3 umunce ungamunci
Class 4 imunce ingamunci
Class 5 limunce lingamunci
Class 6 amunce angamunci
Class 7 simunce singamunci
Class 8 zimunce zingamunci
Class 9 imunce ingamunci
Class 10 zimunce zingamunci
Class 11 lumunce lungamunci
Class 14 bumunce bungamunci
Class 15 kumunce kungamunci
Class 17 kumunce kungamunci
Past subjunctive
Positive Negative
1st singular ngamunca ngangamunca, angamunca, angangamunca
2nd singular wamunca wangamunca, awamunca, awangamunca
1st plural samunca sangamunca, asamunca, asangamunca
2nd plural namunca nangamunca, anamunca, anangamunca
Class 1 wamunca wangamunca, akamunca, akangamunca
Class 2 bamunca bangamunca, abamunca, abangamunca
Class 3 wamunca wangamunca, awamunca, awangamunca
Class 4 yamunca yangamunca, ayamunca, ayangamunca
Class 5 lamunca langamunca, alamunca, alangamunca
Class 6 amunca angamunca, awamunca, awangamunca
Class 7 samunca sangamunca, asamunca, asangamunca
Class 8 zamunca zangamunca, azamunca, azangamunca
Class 9 yamunca yangamunca, ayamunca, ayangamunca
Class 10 zamunca zangamunca, azamunca, azangamunca
Class 11 lwamunca lwangamunca, alwamunca, alwangamunca
Class 14 bamunca bangamunca, abamunca, abangamunca
Class 15 kwamunca kwangamunca, akwamunca, akwangamunca
Class 17 kwamunca kwangamunca, akwamunca, akwangamunca

Alternative forms

Derived terms

References