oidid
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Old Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *audīti (“to grant, bestow”), cognate to Celtiberian auzeti (3sg. pres./subj.) etc. with drastic remodeling of its paradigm.[1]
- The verb became univerbated as a B I simple thematic verb.
- The expected *ó was remodeled to short o after B III verbs like tongaid and as·boind that also appeared in legal contexts. Schumacher presumes that the verb passed through another analogical stage *udeti during this remodeling.
- The root aorist preterite etc. attested in Celtiberian was discarded and replaced with innovatory forms treating the univerbated (a)ud- as a root:
- The preterite stem úad- is from *uwoud-, an innovated reduplicated preterite;
- The future stem ess- is from *i-uts-, with irregular and possibly analogical replacement of the *i with an *e;
- The subjunctive stem *óss- is from an s-subjunctive *autse/o-. Jordán Cólera thinks Celtiberian auzeti is an asigmatic subjunctive, while Schumacher thinks it is a simple thematic present indicative. If Jordán Cólera is correct, the s-subjunctive is another secondary development.
Pedersen's derivation from *Hyewdʰ- (“moving straight”) and relation to Latin iubeo (“I authorize, make legitimate”) is nowadays met with skepticism, with Willi labelling it as "problematic"[2] and the KPV finding it "semantically not plausible".[1]
Verb
[edit]- to lend
Inflection
[edit]Simple, class B I present, reduplicated preterite, s future, s subjunctive
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·odar | ||||||||
| Rel. | oides | odatar | |||||||
| Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·huad | ·huaid | |||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | ||||||||
| Prot. | |||||||||
| Future | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·essar | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Conditional | |||||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | ·ois | ||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | |||||||||
| Imperative | oid | ||||||||
| Verbal noun | ón, óin | ||||||||
| Past participle | |||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | |||||||||
References
[edit]- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Schumacher, Stefan, Schulze-Thulin, Britta (2004) Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon [The Celtic Primary Verbs: A comparative, etymological and morphological lexicon] (Innsbrucker Beiträge zur Sprachwissenschaft; 110) (in German), Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachen und Literaturen der Universität Innsbruck, →ISBN, pages 728-737
- ^ Willi, Andreas. “Varia III. Old Irish (h)Uisse 'Just, Right, Fitting'.” Ériu, vol. 52, 2002, pp. 238–239. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/30008184
Further reading
[edit]- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “oidid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language