paukštis
Lithuanian
[edit]
Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *put-, *pout-; compare Latvian putns < *put-inas (compare Lithuanian dialectal pùtinas (“rooster”)); Proto-Slavic *pъtákъ. The Lithuanian form can be explained as o-grade *pout- + -tis, with a prothetic -k-. For similar examples, compare šaukštas (“spoon”) < *šaud-tas, krikstas (“baptism”) < *krist-, pūkšlė (“hives”) < *pūt-slė.
The origin of the Balto-Slavic root is unclear. Smoczynski originally proposed a connection with Proto-Indo-European *put- (“child, young”); compare Latin putus (“boy”), Sanskrit पुत्र (putrá-, “son, young of an animal”), पोत (póta, “young of an animal”), Avestan 𐬞𐬎𐬚𐬭𐬀- (puθra-, “son”). This derivation would imply that the Balto-Slavic term must originally have meant "chick"; compare dialectal paũtas (“egg”), putýtis (“chick”).[1] However, he seems to have scrapped this etymology later on in favor of analyzing paũkštis as deriving from an earlier *paukstis < *paustis, which would be a nominal derivation from a hypothetical *paustytis (“to hatch from an egg”) < *paus-styti < *paut-styti, a denominal verb from paũtas (“egg”).[2] In this theory, Smoczynski takes paũtas as being from the o-grade of the same root that gives pū̃sti (“to blow”), with an original meaning of "something bloated".[3]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]paũkštis m (plural paũkščiai) stress pattern 2
- bird (any animal of the subclass (formerly usually class) Aves)
- (colloquial) a cunning, untrustworthy person
Declension
[edit]| singular (vienaskaita) | plural (daugiskaita) | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative (vardininkas) | paũkštis | paũkščiai |
| genitive (kilmininkas) | paũkščio | paũkščių |
| dative (naudininkas) | paũkščiui | paũkščiams |
| accusative (galininkas) | paũkštį | paukščiùs |
| instrumental (įnagininkas) | paukščiù | paũkščiais |
| locative (vietininkas) | paũkštyje | paũkščiuose |
| vocative (šauksmininkas) | paũkšti | paũkščiai |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Wojciech Smoczyński (1990) 'Etimologijos pastabos' [Notes on Etymology], Baltistica, Volume 26, No. 2, pages 163-164.
- ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “paũkštis”, in Słownik etymologiczny je̜zyka litewskiego[1] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, page 443
- ^ Smoczyński, Wojciech (2007) “paũtas”, in Słownik etymologiczny je̜zyka litewskiego[2] (in Polish), Vilnius: Uniwersytet Wileński, pages 443-4