putus

See also: Putus

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• poetoes (1901–1947)

Etymology

• From Malay putus, from Classical Malay putus, from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?].
• Semantic loan from English break up for sense “break up”.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈputus/ [ˈpu.t̪ʊs]
• Rhymes: -utus
• Syllabification: pu‧tus

Adjective

putus (comparative lebih putus, superlative paling putus)

1. cut off
2. shortened

Verb

putus

1. to break off

   putus kontrak ― contract termination

2. to be spent, to be depleted

   Synonym: habis

3. to end

   Synonyms: berakhir, rampung, selesai

4. to lose

   Synonym: hilang

   putus asa ― despair, lit. losing hope

5. to win

   Synonyms: menang, mendapat

6. (figurative) to end a relationship; break up

   ... jadi kita putus ― ... so we broke up

Derived terms

• berkeputusan
• berputusan
• keputusan
• memutus
• memutuskan
• pemutus
• pemutusan
• putus-putus
• putusan
• terputus
• terputus-putus
• terputuskan

• putus akad
• putus akal
• putus arang
• putus benang
• putus bicara
• putus cinta
• putus harapan
• putus harga
• putus ikhtiar
• putus jiwa
• putus kaji
• putus kata
• putus kuliah
• putus lot
• putus mufakat
• putus napas
• putus niat
• putus nyawa
• putus obat
• putus rasa
• putus rezeki
• putus runut
• putus sekolah
• putus tali gantung
• putus tali ikatan
• putus umur
• putus usia

Further reading

• “putus”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Italic *putos, from Proto-Indo-European *puHtós, from *pewH- (“to cleanse, purify”) (whence also Latin pūrus, Latin pius, Sanskrit पूत (pūtá)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpʊ.tʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpuː.t̪us]

Adjective

putus (feminine puta, neuter putum); first/second-declension adjective

1. pure

   Synonym: pūrus

   Antonym: impūrus

   • 1st century BCE, P. Alfenus Varus, Aulus Gellius' Noctes Atticae 7.5.1:

     In foedere quod inter populum Rōmānum et Carthāginiēnsēs factum est, scrīptum invenītur, ut Carthāginiēnsēs quotannīs populō Rōmānō darent certum pondus argentī pūrī putī, quaesītumque est, quid esset pūrum putum. respondī ego putum esse valdē pūrum.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	putus	puta	putum		putī	putae	puta
genitive	putī	putae	putī		putōrum	putārum	putōrum
dative	putō	putae	putō		putīs
accusative	putum	putam	putum		putōs	putās	puta
ablative	putō	putā	putō		putīs
vocative	pute	puta	putum		putī	putae	puta

Derived terms

• putō

Etymology 2

Earlier conjecture/variant reading in Pseudo-Virgil's Catalepton, where more recent editions read Pothus (“Desire”), i.e. personified Ancient Greek πόθος (póthos). The word would match the base form of pusillus, putillus (see the former for details) as well as a number of Italic and Indo-European cognates. For this reason it has found a circulation in etymological works and is included as a headword by De Vaan, but the single attestation is spurious, making this a ghost word. See Proto-Italic *putlos and Latin puer, pūsus, pullus.

Noun

putus m (genitive putī); second declension

2. (hapax legomenon, conjecture) a boy

Synonyms

• puellus
• puerulus
• pūsus, pūsiō
• pusillus
• pisinnus, pitinnus

Descendants

• Portuguese: puto
• Italian: putto
• Galician: puto (archaic)
• Catalan: puto (archaic)
• Spanish: puto (archaic)

References

• “putus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “putus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "putus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “putus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Malay

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayic [Term?], from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian [Term?] (compare Fijian mudu, Maori mutu).

Pronunciation

• (schwa-variety) IPA^(key): /ˈputos/ [ˈpu.t̪os]
  • Rhymes: -utos, -os
• (Baku) IPA^(key): /ˈputus/ [ˈpu.t̪us]
  • Rhymes: -utus, -us
• (Riau-Lingga) IPA^(key): /putʊs/
• Hyphenation: pu‧tus

Adjective

putus (Jawi spelling ڤوتوس, comparative lebih putus, superlative paling putus)

1. cut off
2. shortened

Verb

putus (Jawi spelling ڤوتوس)

1. to cut off
2. (figurative) to break up a relationship

   Synonym: clash (Malaysia, slang)

3. to end
4. to decide

Derived terms

• berkeputusan
• berputusan
• keputusan
• memutus
• memutusi
• memutuskan
• pemutus
• pemutusan
• perputusan
• putusan
• terputus

Descendants

• > Indonesian: putus (inherited)

Further reading

• “putus”, in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu [Malay Literary Reference Centre] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Tausug

Pronunciation

• (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA^(key): /putus/ [pʊˈt̪us]
• Rhymes: -us
• Syllabification: pu‧tus

Noun

putus

1. wrapper, wrapping
2. covering

Verb

putus

1. to wrap

   Putusa in labban ini.

   Wrap this box.

2. to dip, to coat