phenduka

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-phenduka^?

1. (transitive and intransitive) to turn, to turn around
2. (transitive and intransitive) to turn in circles, to spin, to revolve
3. (transitive and intransitive) to change, to alter

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuphenduka
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuphenduka	ukungaphenduki
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	phenduka	-phenduke
Plural	phendukani	-phendukeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyaphenduka, ngiphenduka	engiphendukayo, engiphenduka	ngiphenduka	angiphenduki	engingaphenduki	ngingaphenduki
2nd singular	uyaphenduka, uphenduka	ophendukayo, ophenduka	uphenduka	awuphenduki	ongaphenduki	ungaphenduki
1st plural	siyaphenduka, siphenduka	esiphendukayo, esiphenduka	siphenduka	asiphenduki	esingaphenduki	singaphenduki
2nd plural	niyaphenduka, niphenduka	eniphendukayo, eniphenduka	niphenduka	aniphenduki	eningaphenduki	ningaphenduki
Class 1	uyaphenduka, uphenduka	ophendukayo, ophenduka	ephenduka	akaphenduki	ongaphenduki	engaphenduki
Class 2	bayaphenduka, baphenduka	abaphendukayo, abaphenduka	bephenduka	abaphenduki	abangaphenduki	bengaphenduki
Class 3	uyaphenduka, uphenduka	ophendukayo, ophenduka	uphenduka	awuphenduki	ongaphenduki	ungaphenduki
Class 4	iyaphenduka, iphenduka	ephendukayo, ephenduka	iphenduka	ayiphenduki	engaphenduki	ingaphenduki
Class 5	liyaphenduka, liphenduka	eliphendukayo, eliphenduka	liphenduka	aliphenduki	elingaphenduki	lingaphenduki
Class 6	ayaphenduka, aphenduka	aphendukayo, aphenduka	ephenduka	awaphenduki	angaphenduki	engaphenduki
Class 7	siyaphenduka, siphenduka	esiphendukayo, esiphenduka	siphenduka	asiphenduki	esingaphenduki	singaphenduki
Class 8	ziyaphenduka, ziphenduka	eziphendukayo, eziphenduka	ziphenduka	aziphenduki	ezingaphenduki	zingaphenduki
Class 9	iyaphenduka, iphenduka	ephendukayo, ephenduka	iphenduka	ayiphenduki	engaphenduki	ingaphenduki
Class 10	ziyaphenduka, ziphenduka	eziphendukayo, eziphenduka	ziphenduka	aziphenduki	ezingaphenduki	zingaphenduki
Class 11	luyaphenduka, luphenduka	oluphendukayo, oluphenduka	luphenduka	aluphenduki	olungaphenduki	lungaphenduki
Class 14	buyaphenduka, buphenduka	obuphendukayo, obuphenduka	buphenduka	abuphenduki	obungaphenduki	bungaphenduki
Class 15	kuyaphenduka, kuphenduka	okuphendukayo, okuphenduka	kuphenduka	akuphenduki	okungaphenduki	kungaphenduki
Class 17	kuyaphenduka, kuphenduka	okuphendukayo, okuphenduka	kuphenduka	akuphenduki	okungaphenduki	kungaphenduki
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiphendukile, ngiphendukē	engiphendukile, engiphendukē	ngiphendukile, ngiphendukē	angiphendukanga	engingaphendukanga	ngingaphendukanga
2nd singular	uphendukile, uphendukē	ophendukile, ophendukē	uphendukile, uphendukē	awuphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	ungaphendukanga
1st plural	siphendukile, siphendukē	esiphendukile, esiphendukē	siphendukile, siphendukē	asiphendukanga	esingaphendukanga	singaphendukanga
2nd plural	niphendukile, niphendukē	eniphendukile, eniphendukē	niphendukile, niphendukē	aniphendukanga	eningaphendukanga	ningaphendukanga
Class 1	uphendukile, uphendukē	ophendukile, ophendukē	ephendukile, ephendukē	akaphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	engaphendukanga
Class 2	baphendukile, baphendukē	abaphendukile, abaphendukē	bephendukile, bephendukē	abaphendukanga	abangaphendukanga	bengaphendukanga
Class 3	uphendukile, uphendukē	ophendukile, ophendukē	uphendukile, uphendukē	awuphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	ungaphendukanga
Class 4	iphendukile, iphendukē	ephendukile, ephendukē	iphendukile, iphendukē	ayiphendukanga	engaphendukanga	ingaphendukanga
Class 5	liphendukile, liphendukē	eliphendukile, eliphendukē	liphendukile, liphendukē	aliphendukanga	elingaphendukanga	lingaphendukanga
Class 6	aphendukile, aphendukē	aphendukile, aphendukē	ephendukile, ephendukē	awaphendukanga	angaphendukanga	engaphendukanga
Class 7	siphendukile, siphendukē	esiphendukile, esiphendukē	siphendukile, siphendukē	asiphendukanga	esingaphendukanga	singaphendukanga
Class 8	ziphendukile, ziphendukē	eziphendukile, eziphendukē	ziphendukile, ziphendukē	aziphendukanga	ezingaphendukanga	zingaphendukanga
Class 9	iphendukile, iphendukē	ephendukile, ephendukē	iphendukile, iphendukē	ayiphendukanga	engaphendukanga	ingaphendukanga
Class 10	ziphendukile, ziphendukē	eziphendukile, eziphendukē	ziphendukile, ziphendukē	aziphendukanga	ezingaphendukanga	zingaphendukanga
Class 11	luphendukile, luphendukē	oluphendukile, oluphendukē	luphendukile, luphendukē	aluphendukanga	olungaphendukanga	lungaphendukanga
Class 14	buphendukile, buphendukē	obuphendukile, obuphendukē	buphendukile, buphendukē	abuphendukanga	obungaphendukanga	bungaphendukanga
Class 15	kuphendukile, kuphendukē	okuphendukile, okuphendukē	kuphendukile, kuphendukē	akuphendukanga	okungaphendukanga	kungaphendukanga
Class 17	kuphendukile, kuphendukē	okuphendukile, okuphendukē	kuphendukile, kuphendukē	akuphendukanga	okungaphendukanga	kungaphendukanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāphenduka	engāphenduka	ngāphenduka	angiphendukanga	engingaphendukanga	ngingaphendukanga
2nd singular	wāphenduka	owāphenduka	wāphenduka	awuphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	ungaphendukanga
1st plural	sāphenduka	esāphenduka	sāphenduka	asiphendukanga	esingaphendukanga	singaphendukanga
2nd plural	nāphenduka	enāphenduka	nāphenduka	aniphendukanga	eningaphendukanga	ningaphendukanga
Class 1	wāphenduka	owāphenduka	āphenduka	akaphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	engaphendukanga
Class 2	bāphenduka	abāphenduka	bāphenduka	abaphendukanga	abangaphendukanga	bengaphendukanga
Class 3	wāphenduka	owāphenduka	wāphenduka	awuphendukanga	ongaphendukanga	ungaphendukanga
Class 4	yāphenduka	eyāphenduka	yāphenduka	ayiphendukanga	engaphendukanga	ingaphendukanga
Class 5	lāphenduka	elāphenduka	lāphenduka	aliphendukanga	elingaphendukanga	lingaphendukanga
Class 6	āphenduka	āphenduka	āphenduka	awaphendukanga	angaphendukanga	engaphendukanga
Class 7	sāphenduka	esāphenduka	sāphenduka	asiphendukanga	esingaphendukanga	singaphendukanga
Class 8	zāphenduka	ezāphenduka	zāphenduka	aziphendukanga	ezingaphendukanga	zingaphendukanga
Class 9	yāphenduka	eyāphenduka	yāphenduka	ayiphendukanga	engaphendukanga	ingaphendukanga
Class 10	zāphenduka	ezāphenduka	zāphenduka	aziphendukanga	ezingaphendukanga	zingaphendukanga
Class 11	lwāphenduka	olwāphenduka	lwāphenduka	aluphendukanga	olungaphendukanga	lungaphendukanga
Class 14	bāphenduka	obāphenduka	bāphenduka	abuphendukanga	obungaphendukanga	bungaphendukanga
Class 15	kwāphenduka	okwāphenduka	kwāphenduka	akuphendukanga	okungaphendukanga	kungaphendukanga
Class 17	kwāphenduka	okwāphenduka	kwāphenduka	akuphendukanga	okungaphendukanga	kungaphendukanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingaphenduka	—	ngingaphenduka	ngingephenduke	—	ngingephenduke
2nd singular	ungaphenduka	—	ungaphenduka	ungephenduke	—	ungephenduke
1st plural	singaphenduka	—	singaphenduka	singephenduke	—	singephenduke
2nd plural	ningaphenduka	—	ningaphenduka	ningephenduke	—	ningephenduke
Class 1	angaphenduka	—	engaphenduka	angephenduke	—	engephenduke
Class 2	bangaphenduka	—	bengaphenduka	bangephenduke	—	bengephenduke
Class 3	ungaphenduka	—	ungaphenduka	ungephenduke	—	ungephenduke
Class 4	ingaphenduka	—	ingaphenduka	ingephenduke	—	ingephenduke
Class 5	lingaphenduka	—	lingaphenduka	lingephenduke	—	lingephenduke
Class 6	angaphenduka	—	engaphenduka	angephenduke	—	engephenduke
Class 7	singaphenduka	—	singaphenduka	singephenduke	—	singephenduke
Class 8	zingaphenduka	—	zingaphenduka	zingephenduke	—	zingephenduke
Class 9	ingaphenduka	—	ingaphenduka	ingephenduke	—	ingephenduke
Class 10	zingaphenduka	—	zingaphenduka	zingephenduke	—	zingephenduke
Class 11	lungaphenduka	—	lungaphenduka	lungephenduke	—	lungephenduke
Class 14	bungaphenduka	—	bungaphenduka	bungephenduke	—	bungephenduke
Class 15	kungaphenduka	—	kungaphenduka	kungephenduke	—	kungephenduke
Class 17	kungaphenduka	—	kungaphenduka	kungephenduke	—	kungephenduke
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizophenduka	engizophenduka	ngizophenduka	angizuphenduka	engingezuphenduka	ngingezuphenduka
2nd singular	uzophenduka	ozophenduka	uzophenduka	awuzuphenduka	ongezuphenduka	ungezuphenduka
1st plural	sizophenduka	esizophenduka	sizophenduka	asizuphenduka	esingezuphenduka	singezuphenduka
2nd plural	nizophenduka	enizophenduka	nizophenduka	anizuphenduka	eningezuphenduka	ningezuphenduka
Class 1	uzophenduka	ozophenduka	ezophenduka	akazuphenduka	ongezuphenduka	engezuphenduka
Class 2	bazophenduka	abazophenduka	bezophenduka	abazuphenduka	abangezuphenduka	bengezuphenduka
Class 3	uzophenduka	ozophenduka	uzophenduka	awuzuphenduka	ongezuphenduka	ungezuphenduka
Class 4	izophenduka	ezophenduka	izophenduka	ayizuphenduka	engezuphenduka	ingezuphenduka
Class 5	lizophenduka	elizophenduka	lizophenduka	alizuphenduka	elingezuphenduka	lingezuphenduka
Class 6	azophenduka	azophenduka	ezophenduka	awazuphenduka	angezuphenduka	engezuphenduka
Class 7	sizophenduka	esizophenduka	sizophenduka	asizuphenduka	esingezuphenduka	singezuphenduka
Class 8	zizophenduka	ezizophenduka	zizophenduka	azizuphenduka	ezingezuphenduka	zingezuphenduka
Class 9	izophenduka	ezophenduka	izophenduka	ayizuphenduka	engezuphenduka	ingezuphenduka
Class 10	zizophenduka	ezizophenduka	zizophenduka	azizuphenduka	ezingezuphenduka	zingezuphenduka
Class 11	luzophenduka	oluzophenduka	luzophenduka	aluzuphenduka	olungezuphenduka	lungezuphenduka
Class 14	buzophenduka	obuzophenduka	buzophenduka	abuzuphenduka	obungezuphenduka	bungezuphenduka
Class 15	kuzophenduka	okuzophenduka	kuzophenduka	akuzuphenduka	okungezuphenduka	kungezuphenduka
Class 17	kuzophenduka	okuzophenduka	kuzophenduka	akuzuphenduka	okungezuphenduka	kungezuphenduka
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyophenduka	engiyophenduka	ngiyophenduka	angiyuphenduka	engingeyuphenduka	ngingeyuphenduka
2nd singular	uyophenduka	oyophenduka	uyophenduka	awuyuphenduka	ongeyuphenduka	ungeyuphenduka
1st plural	siyophenduka	esiyophenduka	siyophenduka	asiyuphenduka	esingeyuphenduka	singeyuphenduka
2nd plural	niyophenduka	eniyophenduka	niyophenduka	aniyuphenduka	eningeyuphenduka	ningeyuphenduka
Class 1	uyophenduka	oyophenduka	eyophenduka	akayuphenduka	ongeyuphenduka	engeyuphenduka
Class 2	bayophenduka	abayophenduka	beyophenduka	abayuphenduka	abangeyuphenduka	bengeyuphenduka
Class 3	uyophenduka	oyophenduka	uyophenduka	awuyuphenduka	ongeyuphenduka	ungeyuphenduka
Class 4	iyophenduka	eyophenduka	iyophenduka	ayiyuphenduka	engeyuphenduka	ingeyuphenduka
Class 5	liyophenduka	eliyophenduka	liyophenduka	aliyuphenduka	elingeyuphenduka	lingeyuphenduka
Class 6	ayophenduka	ayophenduka	eyophenduka	awayuphenduka	angeyuphenduka	engeyuphenduka
Class 7	siyophenduka	esiyophenduka	siyophenduka	asiyuphenduka	esingeyuphenduka	singeyuphenduka
Class 8	ziyophenduka	eziyophenduka	ziyophenduka	aziyuphenduka	ezingeyuphenduka	zingeyuphenduka
Class 9	iyophenduka	eyophenduka	iyophenduka	ayiyuphenduka	engeyuphenduka	ingeyuphenduka
Class 10	ziyophenduka	eziyophenduka	ziyophenduka	aziyuphenduka	ezingeyuphenduka	zingeyuphenduka
Class 11	luyophenduka	oluyophenduka	luyophenduka	aluyuphenduka	olungeyuphenduka	lungeyuphenduka
Class 14	buyophenduka	obuyophenduka	buyophenduka	abuyuphenduka	obungeyuphenduka	bungeyuphenduka
Class 15	kuyophenduka	okuyophenduka	kuyophenduka	akuyuphenduka	okungeyuphenduka	kungeyuphenduka
Class 17	kuyophenduka	okuyophenduka	kuyophenduka	akuyuphenduka	okungeyuphenduka	kungeyuphenduka
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiphenduke	ngingaphenduki
2nd singular	uphenduke	ungaphenduki
1st plural	siphenduke	singaphenduki
2nd plural	niphenduke	ningaphenduki
Class 1	aphenduke	angaphenduki
Class 2	baphenduke	bangaphenduki
Class 3	uphenduke	ungaphenduki
Class 4	iphenduke	ingaphenduki
Class 5	liphenduke	lingaphenduki
Class 6	aphenduke	angaphenduki
Class 7	siphenduke	singaphenduki
Class 8	ziphenduke	zingaphenduki
Class 9	iphenduke	ingaphenduki
Class 10	ziphenduke	zingaphenduki
Class 11	luphenduke	lungaphenduki
Class 14	buphenduke	bungaphenduki
Class 15	kuphenduke	kungaphenduki
Class 17	kuphenduke	kungaphenduki
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngaphenduka	ngangaphenduka, angaphenduka, angangaphenduka
2nd singular	waphenduka	wangaphenduka, awaphenduka, awangaphenduka
1st plural	saphenduka	sangaphenduka, asaphenduka, asangaphenduka
2nd plural	naphenduka	nangaphenduka, anaphenduka, anangaphenduka
Class 1	waphenduka	wangaphenduka, akaphenduka, akangaphenduka
Class 2	baphenduka	bangaphenduka, abaphenduka, abangaphenduka
Class 3	waphenduka	wangaphenduka, awaphenduka, awangaphenduka
Class 4	yaphenduka	yangaphenduka, ayaphenduka, ayangaphenduka
Class 5	laphenduka	langaphenduka, alaphenduka, alangaphenduka
Class 6	aphenduka	angaphenduka, awaphenduka, awangaphenduka
Class 7	saphenduka	sangaphenduka, asaphenduka, asangaphenduka
Class 8	zaphenduka	zangaphenduka, azaphenduka, azangaphenduka
Class 9	yaphenduka	yangaphenduka, ayaphenduka, ayangaphenduka
Class 10	zaphenduka	zangaphenduka, azaphenduka, azangaphenduka
Class 11	lwaphenduka	lwangaphenduka, alwaphenduka, alwangaphenduka
Class 14	baphenduka	bangaphenduka, abaphenduka, abangaphenduka
Class 15	kwaphenduka	kwangaphenduka, akwaphenduka, akwangaphenduka
Class 17	kwaphenduka	kwangaphenduka, akwaphenduka, akwangaphenduka

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “phenduka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “phenduka (3.2.9)”