skuld

See also: Skuld

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch schuld, from Middle Dutch schult, from Old Dutch *skult, from Proto-Germanic *skuldiz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skœlt/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

skuld (plural skulde)

1. guilt, fault
2. debt

Descendants

• → Sotho: sekoloto
• → Tswana: sekoloto
• → Zulu: isikweletu

Verb

skuld (present skuld, present participle skuldende, past participle geskuld)

1. (transitive, ditransitive) to owe, to be indebted to

Gothic

Romanization

skuld

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌺𐌿𐌻𐌳

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse skuld, from Proto-Germanic *skuldiz.

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ʏlt

Noun

skuld f (genitive singular skuldar, nominative plural skuldir)

1. a debt

   innheimta skuld ― collect a debt

   útistandandi skuld ― outstanding debt

   skuldum vafinn ― be deep in debt

   greiða upp skuld ― liquidate a debt

2. (plural only, of a company) liabilities
3. blame

   Synonym: sök

   að skella skuldinni á einhvern ― to put the blame on someone

Declension

Declension of skuld (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	skuld	skuldin	skuldir	skuldirnar
accusative	skuld	skuldina	skuldir	skuldirnar
dative	skuld	skuldinni	skuldum	skuldunum
genitive	skuldar	skuldarinnar	skulda	skuldanna

Related terms

• skulda
• skuldari

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• skyld

Etymology

From Old Norse skuld.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skʊl(d)/

Noun

skuld f (definite singular skulda, indefinite plural skulder, definite plural skuldene)

1. blame
2. fault
3. guilt
4. sake

   for hennar skuld

   for her sake

5. debt

Derived terms

• skuldig
• truskuld

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *skuldiz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéltis.

Noun

skuld f

1. debt, obligation

Declension

Declension of skuld (strong i-stem)

feminine	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	skuld	skuldin	skuldir	skuldirnar
accusative	skuld	skuldina	skuldir	skuldirnar
dative	skuld	skuldinni	skuldum	skuldunum
genitive	skuldar	skuldarinnar	skulda	skuldanna

Related terms

• Skuld
• skulu

Descendants

• Icelandic: skuld
• Swedish: skuld
• Danish: skyld

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “skuld”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• skyld

Etymology

From Old Norse skuld, from Proto-Germanic *skuldiz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéltis.

Noun

skuld f

1. debt, obligation
2. guilt, blame

Declension

Declension of skuld (i-stem)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	skuld	skuldin	skuldi(r), -e(r)	skuldina(r), skuldena(r)
accusative	skuld	skuldina, -ena	skuldi(r), -e(r)	skuldina(r), skuldena(r)
dative	skuld	skuldinni, -inne	skuldum, -om	skuldumin, -omen
genitive	skulda(r)	skuldinna(r)	skulda	skuldanna

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse skuld, from Proto-Germanic *skuldiz, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kéltis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /skɵld/

• Audio (Gotland):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɵld

Noun

skuld c

1. debt
2. guilt, blame

Declension

Declension of skuld

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	skuld	skulds
	definite	skulden	skuldens
plural	indefinite	skulder	skulders
	definite	skulderna	skuldernas

Derived terms

• bankskuld
• bruttoskuld
• hedersskuld
• hyresskuld
• kapitalskuld
• kontokortsskuld
• krigsskuld
• låneskuld
• löneskuld
• miljonskuld
• nettoskuld
• oskuld
• skatteskuld
• skuldavskrivning
• skuldbelastad
• skuldbelopp
• skuldbelägga
• skuldbeläggning
• skuldberg
• skuldbörda
• skuldebrev
• skuldfri
• skuldfrihet
• skuldfråga
• skuldfälla
• skuldförbindelse
• skuldkomplex
• skuldkonto
• skuldkris
• skuldkvot
• skuldkänsla
• skuldlättnad
• skuldlös
• skuldlöshet
• skuldmedvetande
• skuldmedveten
• skuldmedvetenhet
• skuldpost
• skuldproblem
• skuldregister
• skuldrådgivare
• skuldrådgivning
• skuldränta
• skuldsanerare
• skuldsanering
• skuldsaneringslag
• skuldsatt
• skuldsedel
• skuldsätta
• skuldsättning
• skuldtak
• skuldtyngd
• småskuld
• spelskuld
• statsskuld
• studieskuld
• syndaskuld
• tacksamhetsskuld
• utlandsskuld

Related terms

• skull
• skyldig
• skylla

Further reading

• skuld in Svensk ordbok.

West Frisian

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-West Germanic *skuldi. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term. Not from Old Frisian, which has i and e.

Noun

skuld c (plural skulden, diminutive skuldsje)

1. debt
2. guilt, fault

Further reading

• “skuld”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011