thăng trầm

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Vietnamese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 升 (“go up”) and 沉 (“go down”).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [tʰaŋ˧˧ t͡ɕəm˨˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [tʰaŋ˧˧ ʈəm˦˩]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [tʰaŋ˧˧ ʈəm˨˩]

Noun[edit]

thăng trầm

ups and downs

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