växa
Appearance
See also: vaxa
Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Swedish væxa, from Old Norse vaxa, from Proto-Germanic *wahsijaną, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weg-, cognate with wax (of the moon).
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]växa (present växer, preterite växte, supine vuxit or växt, imperative väx)
- grow; increase in size
- Om något blir större så växer det
- If something gets larger, it grows
- 2016, Lars Lönnroth, transl., Den poetiska Eddan, Atlantis, →ISBN, Den höges tal (Hávamál) §79, page 71:
- Om oklok man blir mäktig och rik eller ofta omfamnas av flickor, växer hans högfärd men inte hans vett.
- If an unwise man becomes mighty and rich, or is often embraced by girls, his arrogance grows but not his wits.
- grow; sprout
- 1891, Selma Lagerlöf, “23, Patron Julius [23, Squire Julius]”, in Gösta Berlings Saga [Gösta Berling's Saga][1] (fiction), Frithiof Hellbergs förlag, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 276:
- Längs vägen vuxo prästkragar och sötblomster och gökärter.
- Along the way grew daisies and camomiles and bitter vetches.
- (Can we date this quote?), traditional, “Uti vår hage [In Our Pasture]”[2]:
- Uti vår hage, där växa [old present tense plural, usually växer] blå bär. Kom hjärtansfröjd. Vill du mig något så träffas vi där. Kom liljor och akvileja. Kom rosor och saliveja. Kom ljuva krusmynta. Kom hjärtansfröjd.
- In our pasture, [there] blue berries grow. Come lemon balm ["heart's delight," more commonly citronmeliss]. If you need me ["if you want me something" – expresses wanting to talk to someone regarding something], we will meet there. Come lilies and columbine [dated, more commonly akleja]. Come roses and sage [rare, usually salvia]. Come sweet [lovely] spearmint. Come lemon balm.
Usage notes
[edit]The strong singular past tense (originally vox) is never seen, but there is an archaic plural past tense vuxo and a subjunctive vuxe. There is also the past participle vuxen, which has taken on a sense of grown-up or adult.
Conjugation
[edit]| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | växa | växas | ||
| supine | vuxit | vuxits | ||
| imperative | väx | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | växen | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | växer | *vox | växes | *voxs |
| ind. plural1 | växa | vuxo | växas | vuxos |
| subjunctive2 | växe | vuxe | växes | vuxes |
| present participle | växande | |||
| past participle | vuxen | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
| active | passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | växa | växas | ||
| supine | växt | växts | ||
| imperative | väx | — | ||
| imper. plural1 | växen | — | ||
| present | past | present | past | |
| indicative | växer | växte | växes | växtes |
| ind. plural1 | växa | växte | växas | växtes |
| subjunctive2 | växe | växte | växes | växtes |
| present participle | växande | |||
| past participle | växt | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.
Antonyms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- “växa”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
- “växa”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
- “växa”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
Categories:
- Swedish terms derived from Old Swedish
- Swedish terms derived from Old Norse
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms with audio pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish verbs
- Swedish terms with usage examples
- Swedish terms with quotations
- Swedish strong verbs
- Swedish class 6 strong verbs
- Swedish weak verbs