yeka

Xhosa

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dèka (“let, let go, cease, allow”). The expected reflex would be -leka. However, some Nguni dialects have /j/ as a regular reflex of *d, so this may be explained as a borrowing from another dialect.

Verb

-yeka

1. to stop

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From Proto-Bantu *-dèka (“let, let go, cease, allow”). The expected reflex would be -leka. However, some Nguni dialects have /j/ as a regular reflex of *d, so this may be explained as a borrowing from another dialect.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /jeːɠa/

Verb

-yeka

1. to stop
2. to let go
3. to leave alone

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukuyeka
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuyeka	ukungayeki
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	yeka	-yeke
Plural	yekani	-yekeni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyayeka, ngiyeka	engiyekayo, engiyeka	ngiyeka	angiyeki	engingayeki	ngingayeki
2nd singular	uyayeka, uyeka	oyekayo, oyeka	uyeka	awuyeki	ongayeki	ungayeki
1st plural	siyayeka, siyeka	esiyekayo, esiyeka	siyeka	asiyeki	esingayeki	singayeki
2nd plural	niyayeka, niyeka	eniyekayo, eniyeka	niyeka	aniyeki	eningayeki	ningayeki
Class 1	uyayeka, uyeka	oyekayo, oyeka	eyeka	akayeki	ongayeki	engayeki
Class 2	bayayeka, bayeka	abayekayo, abayeka	beyeka	abayeki	abangayeki	bengayeki
Class 3	uyayeka, uyeka	oyekayo, oyeka	uyeka	awuyeki	ongayeki	ungayeki
Class 4	iyayeka, iyeka	eyekayo, eyeka	iyeka	ayiyeki	engayeki	ingayeki
Class 5	liyayeka, liyeka	eliyekayo, eliyeka	liyeka	aliyeki	elingayeki	lingayeki
Class 6	ayayeka, ayeka	ayekayo, ayeka	eyeka	awayeki	angayeki	engayeki
Class 7	siyayeka, siyeka	esiyekayo, esiyeka	siyeka	asiyeki	esingayeki	singayeki
Class 8	ziyayeka, ziyeka	eziyekayo, eziyeka	ziyeka	aziyeki	ezingayeki	zingayeki
Class 9	iyayeka, iyeka	eyekayo, eyeka	iyeka	ayiyeki	engayeki	ingayeki
Class 10	ziyayeka, ziyeka	eziyekayo, eziyeka	ziyeka	aziyeki	ezingayeki	zingayeki
Class 11	luyayeka, luyeka	oluyekayo, oluyeka	luyeka	aluyeki	olungayeki	lungayeki
Class 14	buyayeka, buyeka	obuyekayo, obuyeka	buyeka	abuyeki	obungayeki	bungayeki
Class 15	kuyayeka, kuyeka	okuyekayo, okuyeka	kuyeka	akuyeki	okungayeki	kungayeki
Class 17	kuyayeka, kuyeka	okuyekayo, okuyeka	kuyeka	akuyeki	okungayeki	kungayeki
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyekile, ngiyekē	engiyekile, engiyekē	ngiyekile, ngiyekē	angiyekanga	engingayekanga	ngingayekanga
2nd singular	uyekile, uyekē	oyekile, oyekē	uyekile, uyekē	awuyekanga	ongayekanga	ungayekanga
1st plural	siyekile, siyekē	esiyekile, esiyekē	siyekile, siyekē	asiyekanga	esingayekanga	singayekanga
2nd plural	niyekile, niyekē	eniyekile, eniyekē	niyekile, niyekē	aniyekanga	eningayekanga	ningayekanga
Class 1	uyekile, uyekē	oyekile, oyekē	eyekile, eyekē	akayekanga	ongayekanga	engayekanga
Class 2	bayekile, bayekē	abayekile, abayekē	beyekile, beyekē	abayekanga	abangayekanga	bengayekanga
Class 3	uyekile, uyekē	oyekile, oyekē	uyekile, uyekē	awuyekanga	ongayekanga	ungayekanga
Class 4	iyekile, iyekē	eyekile, eyekē	iyekile, iyekē	ayiyekanga	engayekanga	ingayekanga
Class 5	liyekile, liyekē	eliyekile, eliyekē	liyekile, liyekē	aliyekanga	elingayekanga	lingayekanga
Class 6	ayekile, ayekē	ayekile, ayekē	eyekile, eyekē	awayekanga	angayekanga	engayekanga
Class 7	siyekile, siyekē	esiyekile, esiyekē	siyekile, siyekē	asiyekanga	esingayekanga	singayekanga
Class 8	ziyekile, ziyekē	eziyekile, eziyekē	ziyekile, ziyekē	aziyekanga	ezingayekanga	zingayekanga
Class 9	iyekile, iyekē	eyekile, eyekē	iyekile, iyekē	ayiyekanga	engayekanga	ingayekanga
Class 10	ziyekile, ziyekē	eziyekile, eziyekē	ziyekile, ziyekē	aziyekanga	ezingayekanga	zingayekanga
Class 11	luyekile, luyekē	oluyekile, oluyekē	luyekile, luyekē	aluyekanga	olungayekanga	lungayekanga
Class 14	buyekile, buyekē	obuyekile, obuyekē	buyekile, buyekē	abuyekanga	obungayekanga	bungayekanga
Class 15	kuyekile, kuyekē	okuyekile, okuyekē	kuyekile, kuyekē	akuyekanga	okungayekanga	kungayekanga
Class 17	kuyekile, kuyekē	okuyekile, okuyekē	kuyekile, kuyekē	akuyekanga	okungayekanga	kungayekanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāyeka	engāyeka	ngāyeka	angiyekanga	engingayekanga	ngingayekanga
2nd singular	wāyeka	owāyeka	wāyeka	awuyekanga	ongayekanga	ungayekanga
1st plural	sāyeka	esāyeka	sāyeka	asiyekanga	esingayekanga	singayekanga
2nd plural	nāyeka	enāyeka	nāyeka	aniyekanga	eningayekanga	ningayekanga
Class 1	wāyeka	owāyeka	āyeka	akayekanga	ongayekanga	engayekanga
Class 2	bāyeka	abāyeka	bāyeka	abayekanga	abangayekanga	bengayekanga
Class 3	wāyeka	owāyeka	wāyeka	awuyekanga	ongayekanga	ungayekanga
Class 4	yāyeka	eyāyeka	yāyeka	ayiyekanga	engayekanga	ingayekanga
Class 5	lāyeka	elāyeka	lāyeka	aliyekanga	elingayekanga	lingayekanga
Class 6	āyeka	āyeka	āyeka	awayekanga	angayekanga	engayekanga
Class 7	sāyeka	esāyeka	sāyeka	asiyekanga	esingayekanga	singayekanga
Class 8	zāyeka	ezāyeka	zāyeka	aziyekanga	ezingayekanga	zingayekanga
Class 9	yāyeka	eyāyeka	yāyeka	ayiyekanga	engayekanga	ingayekanga
Class 10	zāyeka	ezāyeka	zāyeka	aziyekanga	ezingayekanga	zingayekanga
Class 11	lwāyeka	olwāyeka	lwāyeka	aluyekanga	olungayekanga	lungayekanga
Class 14	bāyeka	obāyeka	bāyeka	abuyekanga	obungayekanga	bungayekanga
Class 15	kwāyeka	okwāyeka	kwāyeka	akuyekanga	okungayekanga	kungayekanga
Class 17	kwāyeka	okwāyeka	kwāyeka	akuyekanga	okungayekanga	kungayekanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingayeka	—	ngingayeka	ngingeyeke	—	ngingeyeke
2nd singular	ungayeka	—	ungayeka	ungeyeke	—	ungeyeke
1st plural	singayeka	—	singayeka	singeyeke	—	singeyeke
2nd plural	ningayeka	—	ningayeka	ningeyeke	—	ningeyeke
Class 1	angayeka	—	engayeka	angeyeke	—	engeyeke
Class 2	bangayeka	—	bengayeka	bangeyeke	—	bengeyeke
Class 3	ungayeka	—	ungayeka	ungeyeke	—	ungeyeke
Class 4	ingayeka	—	ingayeka	ingeyeke	—	ingeyeke
Class 5	lingayeka	—	lingayeka	lingeyeke	—	lingeyeke
Class 6	angayeka	—	engayeka	angeyeke	—	engeyeke
Class 7	singayeka	—	singayeka	singeyeke	—	singeyeke
Class 8	zingayeka	—	zingayeka	zingeyeke	—	zingeyeke
Class 9	ingayeka	—	ingayeka	ingeyeke	—	ingeyeke
Class 10	zingayeka	—	zingayeka	zingeyeke	—	zingeyeke
Class 11	lungayeka	—	lungayeka	lungeyeke	—	lungeyeke
Class 14	bungayeka	—	bungayeka	bungeyeke	—	bungeyeke
Class 15	kungayeka	—	kungayeka	kungeyeke	—	kungeyeke
Class 17	kungayeka	—	kungayeka	kungeyeke	—	kungeyeke
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizoyeka	engizoyeka	ngizoyeka	angizuyeka	engingezuyeka	ngingezuyeka
2nd singular	uzoyeka	ozoyeka	uzoyeka	awuzuyeka	ongezuyeka	ungezuyeka
1st plural	sizoyeka	esizoyeka	sizoyeka	asizuyeka	esingezuyeka	singezuyeka
2nd plural	nizoyeka	enizoyeka	nizoyeka	anizuyeka	eningezuyeka	ningezuyeka
Class 1	uzoyeka	ozoyeka	ezoyeka	akazuyeka	ongezuyeka	engezuyeka
Class 2	bazoyeka	abazoyeka	bezoyeka	abazuyeka	abangezuyeka	bengezuyeka
Class 3	uzoyeka	ozoyeka	uzoyeka	awuzuyeka	ongezuyeka	ungezuyeka
Class 4	izoyeka	ezoyeka	izoyeka	ayizuyeka	engezuyeka	ingezuyeka
Class 5	lizoyeka	elizoyeka	lizoyeka	alizuyeka	elingezuyeka	lingezuyeka
Class 6	azoyeka	azoyeka	ezoyeka	awazuyeka	angezuyeka	engezuyeka
Class 7	sizoyeka	esizoyeka	sizoyeka	asizuyeka	esingezuyeka	singezuyeka
Class 8	zizoyeka	ezizoyeka	zizoyeka	azizuyeka	ezingezuyeka	zingezuyeka
Class 9	izoyeka	ezoyeka	izoyeka	ayizuyeka	engezuyeka	ingezuyeka
Class 10	zizoyeka	ezizoyeka	zizoyeka	azizuyeka	ezingezuyeka	zingezuyeka
Class 11	luzoyeka	oluzoyeka	luzoyeka	aluzuyeka	olungezuyeka	lungezuyeka
Class 14	buzoyeka	obuzoyeka	buzoyeka	abuzuyeka	obungezuyeka	bungezuyeka
Class 15	kuzoyeka	okuzoyeka	kuzoyeka	akuzuyeka	okungezuyeka	kungezuyeka
Class 17	kuzoyeka	okuzoyeka	kuzoyeka	akuzuyeka	okungezuyeka	kungezuyeka
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyoyeka	engiyoyeka	ngiyoyeka	angiyuyeka	engingeyuyeka	ngingeyuyeka
2nd singular	uyoyeka	oyoyeka	uyoyeka	awuyuyeka	ongeyuyeka	ungeyuyeka
1st plural	siyoyeka	esiyoyeka	siyoyeka	asiyuyeka	esingeyuyeka	singeyuyeka
2nd plural	niyoyeka	eniyoyeka	niyoyeka	aniyuyeka	eningeyuyeka	ningeyuyeka
Class 1	uyoyeka	oyoyeka	eyoyeka	akayuyeka	ongeyuyeka	engeyuyeka
Class 2	bayoyeka	abayoyeka	beyoyeka	abayuyeka	abangeyuyeka	bengeyuyeka
Class 3	uyoyeka	oyoyeka	uyoyeka	awuyuyeka	ongeyuyeka	ungeyuyeka
Class 4	iyoyeka	eyoyeka	iyoyeka	ayiyuyeka	engeyuyeka	ingeyuyeka
Class 5	liyoyeka	eliyoyeka	liyoyeka	aliyuyeka	elingeyuyeka	lingeyuyeka
Class 6	ayoyeka	ayoyeka	eyoyeka	awayuyeka	angeyuyeka	engeyuyeka
Class 7	siyoyeka	esiyoyeka	siyoyeka	asiyuyeka	esingeyuyeka	singeyuyeka
Class 8	ziyoyeka	eziyoyeka	ziyoyeka	aziyuyeka	ezingeyuyeka	zingeyuyeka
Class 9	iyoyeka	eyoyeka	iyoyeka	ayiyuyeka	engeyuyeka	ingeyuyeka
Class 10	ziyoyeka	eziyoyeka	ziyoyeka	aziyuyeka	ezingeyuyeka	zingeyuyeka
Class 11	luyoyeka	oluyoyeka	luyoyeka	aluyuyeka	olungeyuyeka	lungeyuyeka
Class 14	buyoyeka	obuyoyeka	buyoyeka	abuyuyeka	obungeyuyeka	bungeyuyeka
Class 15	kuyoyeka	okuyoyeka	kuyoyeka	akuyuyeka	okungeyuyeka	kungeyuyeka
Class 17	kuyoyeka	okuyoyeka	kuyoyeka	akuyuyeka	okungeyuyeka	kungeyuyeka
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngiyeke	ngingayeki
2nd singular	uyeke	ungayeki
1st plural	siyeke	singayeki
2nd plural	niyeke	ningayeki
Class 1	ayeke	angayeki
Class 2	bayeke	bangayeki
Class 3	uyeke	ungayeki
Class 4	iyeke	ingayeki
Class 5	liyeke	lingayeki
Class 6	ayeke	angayeki
Class 7	siyeke	singayeki
Class 8	ziyeke	zingayeki
Class 9	iyeke	ingayeki
Class 10	ziyeke	zingayeki
Class 11	luyeke	lungayeki
Class 14	buyeke	bungayeki
Class 15	kuyeke	kungayeki
Class 17	kuyeke	kungayeki
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngayeka	ngangayeka, angayeka, angangayeka
2nd singular	wayeka	wangayeka, awayeka, awangayeka
1st plural	sayeka	sangayeka, asayeka, asangayeka
2nd plural	nayeka	nangayeka, anayeka, anangayeka
Class 1	wayeka	wangayeka, akayeka, akangayeka
Class 2	bayeka	bangayeka, abayeka, abangayeka
Class 3	wayeka	wangayeka, awayeka, awangayeka
Class 4	yayeka	yangayeka, ayayeka, ayangayeka
Class 5	layeka	langayeka, alayeka, alangayeka
Class 6	ayeka	angayeka, awayeka, awangayeka
Class 7	sayeka	sangayeka, asayeka, asangayeka
Class 8	zayeka	zangayeka, azayeka, azangayeka
Class 9	yayeka	yangayeka, ayayeka, ayangayeka
Class 10	zayeka	zangayeka, azayeka, azangayeka
Class 11	lwayeka	lwangayeka, alwayeka, alwangayeka
Class 14	bayeka	bangayeka, abayeka, abangayeka
Class 15	kwayeka	kwangayeka, akwayeka, akwangayeka
Class 17	kwayeka	kwangayeka, akwayeka, akwangayeka

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “-yeka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-yeka (6.3)”