zonder

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sundar, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz. Cognate with English sunder.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈzɔn.dər/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: zon‧der
• Rhymes: -ɔndər

Preposition

zonder

1. without

Derived terms

• bijzonder
• inzonderheid
• kakken zonder douwen
• uitzonderlijk
• zonder aanzien des persoons
• zonder twijfel
• zonderen
• Zondervan

Descendants

• Afrikaans: sonder
• Berbice Creole Dutch: sondro
• Jersey Dutch: zonder
• Negerhollands: sonder, sondu
• → Aukan: sondee
• → Betawi: sonder
• → Caribbean Javanese: sonder
• Eastern Indonesian Trade Malay
  • → Ambonese Malay: sondor
  • → Kupang Malay: sonde (“no, not”)
• → Malay: sonder
• → Indonesian: sonder, zonder
• → Javanese: ꦱꦺꦴꦤ꧀ꦝꦼꦂ (sondher)
• → Saramaccan: sondò
• → Sranan Tongo: sondro

Indonesian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Dutch zonder (“without”)

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /ˈzondər/ [ˈzon.dər]
• Rhymes: -ondər
• Syllabification: zon‧der

Preposition

zondêr

1. (formal, literary or dated) alternative form of sonder
   • 2015, Eki Tresnowening, Kharis Junandharu, “Bola Raya”, in Dosa, Kota, & Kenangan [Sins, The City and Remembrances], performed by Silampukau, Moso'iki Records; Portside Records, track 4:

     Memang kami tak paham soal akta / Sertifikat tanah dan omong kosong lainnya / Kami hanya ingin main bola / Zonder digugat, zonder didakwa.

     It's true that we know nothing about contracts / Land certificates and all of that other nonsense / We only wanted to play football / Without being sued, without being accused.

Further reading

• “zonder”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Malay

Etymology

From Dutch zonder, from Middle Dutch sonder, from Old Dutch sunder, from Proto-Germanic *sundraz.

Preposition

zonder (Jawi spelling زوندر)

1. (Netherlands, Indonesia) alternative form of sonder