کاروان

See also: كارۋان

Central Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kaːɾwaːn/

Noun

Northern Kurdish	karwan
Central Kurdish	کاروان (karwan)

کاروان (karwan)

1. caravan (a convoy or procession of travelers, their vehicles and cargo, and any pack animals)

Persian

Alternative forms

• کارْبان (kârbân)

Etymology

From Middle Persian kʾlwʾn' (kārawān, “caravan; military column”). See descendants there.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kɑːɾ.ˈwɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑːɾ.wɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɑːɾ.wɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰɑːɾ.wɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰɔːɾ.wɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɒːɹ.vɒ́ːn], [kʰɒː.ɹe.vɒ́ːn], [kʰɒː.ɹæ.vɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰɔɾ.vɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	kārwān
Dari reading?	kārwān
Iranian reading?	kârvân, kârevân, kâravân
Tajik reading?	korvon

Noun

Dari	کاروان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	корвон

کارْوان or کاروان or کاروان • (kârvân or kârevân or kâravân) (plural کاروان‌ها (kârvân-hâ))

1. caravan
2. convoy

Synonyms

• قافِلِه (qâfele)

Derived terms

• کاروانی (kârvâni)
• کاروان‌سرا (kârvânsarâ)

Descendants

• → Arabic: قَيْرَوَان (qayrawān)
  • → Persian: قیروان (qeyravân)
• → Bashkir: каруан (karwan)
• → Bengali: কারওয়ান (karōẇan), কারোয়ান (karōẇan); কারোয়াঁ (karōẇã); কাওরান (kaōran)
• → Chagatai: کاروان
  • Uyghur: كارۋان (karwan)
  • Uzbek: karvon
• → Gujarati: કારવાં (kārvā̃)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: कारवाँ (kārvā̃)
  • Urdu: کاروان (kārvān)
• → Kazakh: керуен (keruen)
• → Middle Armenian: քարւան (kʻarwan)
  • → Middle Georgian: ქარავანი (karavani)
    • Georgian: ქარავანი (karavani)
• → Medieval Latin: caravana
  • → Italian: carovana, caravana
  • → Middle High German: karabane
    • German: Karawane (see there for further descendants)
  • → Portuguese: caravana
  • → Spanish: caravana (see there for further descendants)
  • → Catalan: caravana
  • → Occitan: caravana
• → Old Anatolian Turkish: كاروان (karvan)
  • Azerbaijani: karvan / کاروان
  • Ottoman Turkish: كروان (kervan), كاروان (kârvân), كاربان (kârbân) (see there for further descendants)
• → Old French: carvane, carevane
  • Middle French: caravane
    • French: caravane
    • → English: caravan (see there for further descendants)
    • → Dutch: karavaan
    • → Danish: karavane
    • → Swedish: karavan (see there for further descendants)
  • → Middle Dutch: carvane
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਕਾਰਵਾਂ (kārvā̃)

  Shahmukhi script: کاروان (kārvān)

• → Russian: караван (karavan)
• → Turkmen: kerwen

References

• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “کاروان”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “kārawān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press