ἰώδης

See also: ιώδης

Ancient Greek

Etymology 1

ῐ̓́ον (íon, “violet, Viola odorata”) +‎ -ώδης (-ṓdēs, “smelling of; full of, like”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /i.ɔ̌ː.dɛːs/ → /iˈo.ðis/ → /iˈo.ðis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /i.ɔ̌ː.dɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /iˈo.de̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/

Adjective

ῐ̓ώδης • (iṓdēs) m or f (neuter ῐ̓ῶδες); third declension

1. violet-coloured, violet

   Synonym: ῐ̓οειδής (ioeidḗs)

   • Hpc., Progn. 40
2. smelling of violets, violet-scented
   • Diosc. 5.171

Declension

Third declension of ῐ̓ώδης; ῐ̓ῶδες (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ῐ̓ώδης iṓdēs	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei	ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei		ῐ̓ώδεις iṓdeis	ῐ̓ώδη iṓdē
Genitive		ῐ̓ώδους iṓdous	ῐ̓ώδους iṓdous		ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin	ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin		ῐ̓ώδων iṓdōn	ῐ̓ώδων iṓdōn
Dative		ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei	ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei		ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin	ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin		ῐ̓ώδεσῐ / ῐ̓ώδεσῐν iṓdesi(n)	ῐ̓ώδεσῐ / ῐ̓ώδεσῐν iṓdesi(n)
Accusative		ῐ̓ώδη iṓdē	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei	ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei		ῐ̓ώδεις iṓdeis	ῐ̓ώδη iṓdē
Vocative		ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei	ῐ̓ώδει iṓdei		ῐ̓ώδεις iṓdeis	ῐ̓ώδη iṓdē
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ῐ̓ώδως iṓdōs			ῐ̓ωδέστερος iōdésteros			ῐ̓ωδέστᾰτος iōdéstatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ῐ̓ώδης; ῐ̓ῶδες (uncontracted, Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ῐ̓ώδης iṓdēs	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee	ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee		ῐ̓ώδεις / ῐ̓ώδεες iṓdeis / iṓdees	ῐ̓ώδεᾰ iṓdea
Genitive		ῐ̓ώδεος / ῐ̓ώδευς iṓdeos / iṓdeus	ῐ̓ώδεος / ῐ̓ώδευς iṓdeos / iṓdeus		ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin	ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin		ῐ̓ωδέων iōdéōn	ῐ̓ωδέων iōdéōn
Dative		ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεῐ̈ iṓdei / iṓdeï	ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεῐ̈ iṓdei / iṓdeï		ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin	ῐ̓ώδοιν iṓdoin		ῐ̓ώδεσῐ / ῐ̓ώδεσῐν iṓdesi(n)	ῐ̓ώδεσῐ / ῐ̓ώδεσῐν iṓdesi(n)
Accusative		ῐ̓ώδεᾰ iṓdea	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee	ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee		ῐ̓ώδεᾰς iṓdeas	ῐ̓ώδεᾰ iṓdea
Vocative		ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes	ῐ̓ῶδες iôdes		ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee	ῐ̓ώδει / ῐ̓ώδεε iṓdei / iṓdee		ῐ̓ώδεις / ῐ̓ώδεες iṓdeis / iṓdees	ῐ̓ώδεᾰ iṓdea
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ῐ̓ωδέως iōdéōs			ῐ̓ωδέστερος iōdésteros			ῐ̓ωδέστᾰτος iōdéstatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

• → French: iode
• Greek: ιώδης (iódis)

Etymology 2

ῑ̓ός (īós, “rust, verdigris; poison, venom”) +‎ -ώδης (-ṓdēs, “full of, like”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /iː.ɔ̌ː.dɛːs/ → /iˈo.ðis/ → /iˈo.ðis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /iː.ɔ̌ː.dɛːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /iˈo.de̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈo.ðis/

Adjective

ῑ̓ώδης • (īṓdēs) m or f (neuter ῑ̓ῶδες); third declension

1. like verdigris, green
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Prognostics 11
   • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 5.79
   • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 10.871
   • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 18.107, (of bile)
   1. (figuratively) “green with envy”, envious
      • 46 CE – 120 CE, Plutarch, Moralia 2.565c:

        κακόνοια…τουτὶ τὸ ἰῶδες…ἀφίησιν

        kakónoia…toutì tò iôdes…aphíēsin

2. rust-coloured, ferruginous
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, On Stones 37
   • 310 BCE – 240 BCE, Callimachus, Hist. 4
   • 40 CE – 90 CE, Dioscorides, Materia medica 5.152
   • Hpc. 68a
   • Diosc. 5.92
3. poisonous, venomous

   Synonym: ῑ̓οειδής (īoeidḗs)

   • 250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 2.42a:

     ὕδωρ

     húdōr

   • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 11.327
   • Philostr.Jun., Im. 5, (of serpents):

     ὀδόντες

     odóntes

   1. (figuratively, of persons) virulent
      • 90 CE – 168 CE, Ptolemy, Tetrabiblos 158
4. (ὄδ-ωδα) acrid
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, On Ancient Medicine 19:

     ὀξύτητες

     oxútētes

   • 200 CE – 400 CE, Philumenus, On Poisonous Animals and Their Remedies 36.3:

     ἄσθμα

     ásthma

   • Hpc., V. med. 37

Declension

Third declension of ῑ̓ώδης; ῑ̓ῶδες (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ῑ̓ώδης īṓdēs	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei	ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei		ῑ̓ώδεις īṓdeis	ῑ̓ώδη īṓdē
Genitive		ῑ̓ώδους īṓdous	ῑ̓ώδους īṓdous		ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin	ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin		ῑ̓ώδων īṓdōn	ῑ̓ώδων īṓdōn
Dative		ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei	ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei		ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin	ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin		ῑ̓ώδεσῐ / ῑ̓ώδεσῐν īṓdesi(n)	ῑ̓ώδεσῐ / ῑ̓ώδεσῐν īṓdesi(n)
Accusative		ῑ̓ώδη īṓdē	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei	ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei		ῑ̓ώδεις īṓdeis	ῑ̓ώδη īṓdē
Vocative		ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei	ῑ̓ώδει īṓdei		ῑ̓ώδεις īṓdeis	ῑ̓ώδη īṓdē
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ῑ̓ώδως īṓdōs			ῑ̓ωδέστερος īōdésteros			ῑ̓ωδέστᾰτος īōdéstatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ῑ̓ώδης; ῑ̓ῶδες (uncontracted, Epic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ῑ̓ώδης īṓdēs	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee	ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee		ῑ̓ώδεις / ῑ̓ώδεες īṓdeis / īṓdees	ῑ̓ώδεᾰ īṓdea
Genitive		ῑ̓ώδεος / ῑ̓ώδευς īṓdeos / īṓdeus	ῑ̓ώδεος / ῑ̓ώδευς īṓdeos / īṓdeus		ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin	ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin		ῑ̓ωδέων īōdéōn	ῑ̓ωδέων īōdéōn
Dative		ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεῐ̈ īṓdei / īṓdeï	ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεῐ̈ īṓdei / īṓdeï		ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin	ῑ̓ώδοιν īṓdoin		ῑ̓ώδεσῐ / ῑ̓ώδεσῐν īṓdesi(n)	ῑ̓ώδεσῐ / ῑ̓ώδεσῐν īṓdesi(n)
Accusative		ῑ̓ώδεᾰ īṓdea	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee	ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee		ῑ̓ώδεᾰς īṓdeas	ῑ̓ώδεᾰ īṓdea
Vocative		ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes	ῑ̓ῶδες īôdes		ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee	ῑ̓ώδει / ῑ̓ώδεε īṓdei / īṓdee		ῑ̓ώδεις / ῑ̓ώδεες īṓdeis / īṓdees	ῑ̓ώδεᾰ īṓdea
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		ῑ̓ωδέως īōdéōs			ῑ̓ωδέστερος īōdésteros			ῑ̓ωδέστᾰτος īōdéstatos
Notes:		Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

• Greek: ιώδης (iódis)

Further reading

• “ἰώδης”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• ἰώδης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette