π¬
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Translingual
[edit]Letter
[edit]π¬ (ya)
Descendants
[edit]- Tocharian:
(ya)
Ashokan Prakrit
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Inherited from Sanskrit ΰ€―ΰ€¦ΰ₯ (yad), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HyΓ‘s, from Proto-Indo-European *yΓ³s, from *Γs.
Adverb
[edit]π¬ (ya)
- since
- c. 258 BCE, AΕoka, Minor Rock Edict 1 Brahmagiri.2:
- π
π₯πΊππΈπ¦πΊ π
π πΈπ’πΊπ¬πΈπ¦πΊ π―π²πΈπ¦πΊ π¬ π³ππ [β¦] π²ππ
- adhikΔni aαΈhΔtiyΔni vasΔni ya hakaαΉ [β¦] sake
- 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch
- More than two and a half years (have passed) since I (am) a lay-worshipper (upasaka).
- π
π₯πΊππΈπ¦πΊ π
π πΈπ’πΊπ¬πΈπ¦πΊ π―π²πΈπ¦πΊ π¬ π³ππ [β¦] π²ππ
Alternative forms
[edit]Attested at Brahmagiri, Jatinga-Rameshwara and Rupnath.
| Dialectal forms of π¬π (βsinceβ) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Lemmas | Forms |
| Central | Rupnath | π¬ (ya) | |
| Bairat | π¬π (yaαΉ), π π (aαΉ) | ?π¬π (yaαΉ) | |
| Sahasram | π π (aαΉ) | ?π π (aαΉ) | |
| Gujarra | π¬π (yaαΉ) | ||
| Panguraria | π¬π’π (yate) | ||
| Bahapur | π¬π (yaαΉ), π π (aαΉ) | ||
| South | Yerragudi | π¬π (yaαΉ) | |
| Siddapura | π¬π (yaαΉ) | ||
| Brahmagiri | π¬ (ya), π¬π (yaαΉ) | ||
| Maski | π π (aαΉ) | ||
| Jatinga-Rameshwara | π¬π (yaαΉ), π¬ (ya), π π (aαΉ) | ?π¬π (yaαΉ), ?π π (aαΉ) | |
| Udegolam | π¬πΈπ (yΔαΉ) | ||
| Nittur | π¬π (yaαΉ) | ||
| Gavimath | π¬π (yaαΉ) | ||
| Map of dialectal forms of π¬π (βsinceβ) | ||
|---|---|---|
 π¬π (yaαΉ) (9) π π (aαΉ) (6) π¬ (ya) (3) π¬πΈπ (yΔαΉ) (1) π¬π’π (yate) (1) | ||
References
[edit]- Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) βyaαΉβ, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of AΕoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 164
- Andersen, Paul Kent (1990) βya-β, in Studies in the Minor Rock Edicts of AΕoka, Freiburg: Hedwig Falk, page 165
Pali
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative scripts
Pronoun
[edit]π¬ m
- Brahmi script form of ya (βwho, which, thatβ)
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "π¬" (masculine)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | π¬π (yo) | π¬π (ye) |
| Accusative (second) | π¬π (yaαΉ) | π¬π (ye) |
| Instrumental (third) | π¬ππ¦ (yena) | π¬ππ³πΊ (yehi) or π¬ππͺπΊ (yebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | π¬π²ππ² (yassa) | π¬ππ²π (yesaαΉ) or π¬ππ²πΈπ¦π (yesΔnaαΉ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | π¬π²ππ«πΈ (yasmΔ) or π¬π«ππ³πΈ (yamhΔ) | π¬ππ³πΊ (yehi) or π¬ππͺπΊ (yebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | π¬π²ππ² (yassa) | π¬ππ²π (yesaαΉ) or π¬ππ²πΈπ¦π (yesΔnaαΉ) |
| Locative (seventh) | π¬π²ππ«πΊπ (yasmiαΉ) or π¬π«ππ³πΊ (yamhi) | π¬ππ²πΌ (yesu) |
Pronoun
[edit]π¬ n
- Brahmi script form of ya (βwhich, thatβ)
Usage notes
[edit]The case form π¬π€π (yad) is only used before vowels and as the prefixed combining form. Before vowels, the virama and independent vowel coalesce to the corresponding dependent vowel.
Declension
[edit]Declension table of "π¬" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | π¬π (yaαΉ) or π¬π€π (yad) | π¬πΈπ¦πΊ (yΔni) |
| Accusative (second) | π¬π (yaαΉ) or π¬π€π (yad) | π¬πΈπ¦πΊ (yΔni) |
| Instrumental (third) | π¬ππ¦ (yena) | π¬ππ³πΊ (yehi) or π¬ππͺπΊ (yebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | π¬π²ππ² (yassa) | π¬ππ²π (yesaαΉ) or π¬ππ²πΈπ¦π (yesΔnaαΉ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | π¬π²ππ«πΈ (yasmΔ) or π¬π«ππ³πΈ (yamhΔ) | π¬ππ³πΊ (yehi) or π¬ππͺπΊ (yebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | π¬π²ππ² (yassa) | π¬ππ²π (yesaαΉ) or π¬ππ²πΈπ¦π (yesΔnaαΉ) |
| Locative (seventh) | π¬π²ππ«πΊπ (yasmiαΉ) or π¬π«ππ³πΊ (yamhi) | π¬ππ²πΌ (yesu) |
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