συναίρεσις

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• σῠνέρεισῐς (sunéreisis) — codical variant

Etymology

From σῠναιρέω (sunairéō) +‎ -σῐς (-sis).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /sy.nǎi̯.re.sis/ → /syˈnɛ.re.sis/ → /siˈne.re.sis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /sy.nǎi̯.re.sis/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /syˈnɛ.re.sis/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /syˈnɛ.re.sis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /syˈne.re.sis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /siˈne.re.sis/

Noun

σῠναίρεσῐς • (sunaíresis) f (genitive σῠναιρέσεως); third declension

1. taking or drawing together; contraction, closing
   • 213 CE – 273 CE, Cassius Longinus, Collected Works 10.3
   • 250 CE – 350 CE, Athenaeus, Deipnosophistae 11.489f
   • 50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Collected Works 2.59
2. contraction of front; shortening, reduction of an estimated distance
   • 100 BCE – 1 BCE, Asclepiodotus, Tactics 11.7
   • 90 CE – 168 CE, Ptolemy, Geography 1.8.3
   • 50 CE – 150 CE, Soranus, Fract. 19
3. aggregation; synthesis; concentration; generalization
   • 458 CE – 538 CE, Damascius, Difficulties and Solutions of First Principles 96
   • 458 CE – 538 CE, Damascius, Difficulties and Solutions of First Principles 277
   • 458 CE – 538 CE, Damascius, Difficulties and Solutions of First Principles 280
   • 490 CE – 560 CE, Simplicius, On Aristotle's Physics 635.32
   • Elias, in Porph. 76.19
4. (in grammar): synaeresis of two adjacent vowels within one word into a diphthong or a macron vowel.
   1. (properly) synaeresis, whereby two vowels are not changed, but coalesce into a diphthong, as ὀϊστός, οἰστός
      • Quint., Inst. 1.5.17
      • 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Adverbs 132.25
   2. (but also) contraction, as of κύημα to κῦμα
      • 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 6.642

Declension

Third declension of ἡ σῠναίρεσῐς; τῆς σῠναιρέσεως (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ σῠναίρεσῐς hē sunaíresis	τὼ σῠναιρέσει tṑ sunairései	αἱ σῠναιρέσεις hai sunairéseis
Genitive	τῆς σῠναιρέσεως tês sunairéseōs	τοῖν σῠναιρεσέοιν toîn sunaireséoin	τῶν σῠναιρέσεων tôn sunairéseōn
Dative	τῇ σῠναιρέσει têi sunairései	τοῖν σῠναιρεσέοιν toîn sunaireséoin	ταῖς σῠναιρέσεσῐ / σῠναιρέσεσῐν taîs sunairésesi(n)
Accusative	τὴν σῠναίρεσῐν tḕn sunaíresin	τὼ σῠναιρέσει tṑ sunairései	τᾱ̀ς σῠναιρέσεις tā̀s sunairéseis
Vocative	σῠναίρεσῐ sunaíresi	σῠναιρέσει sunairései	σῠναιρέσεις sunairéseis
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “contraction of front”): αὔξησις (aúxēsis)
• (antonym(s) of “generalization”): διαίρεσις (diaíresis)
• (antonym(s) of “synaeresis”): διαίρεσις (diaíresis)

Descendants

• Greek: συναίρεση (synaíresi)
• → Latin: synaeresis
  • → French: synérèse
  • → English: synaeresis

Further reading

• “συναίρεσις”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• συναίρεσις in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette