عذر
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Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ع ذ ر (ʕ-ḏ-r) |
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عَذَرَ • (ʕaḏara) I, non-past يَعْذِرُ or يَعْذُرُ (yaʕḏiru or yaʕḏuru)
- (transitive) to excuse
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of
عَذَرَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun عُذْر)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
عُذْر ʕuḏr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʕāḏir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʕḏūr | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕaḏartu |
ʕaḏarta |
عَذَرَ ʕaḏara |
ʕaḏartumā |
ʕaḏarā |
ʕaḏarnā |
ʕaḏartum |
ʕaḏarū | |||
f | ʕaḏarti |
ʕaḏarat |
ʕaḏaratā |
ʕaḏartunna |
ʕaḏarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaʕḏiru or ʔaʕḏuru |
taʕḏiru or taʕḏuru |
yaʕḏiru or yaʕḏuru |
taʕḏirāni or taʕḏurāni |
yaʕḏirāni or yaʕḏurāni |
naʕḏiru or naʕḏuru |
taʕḏirūna or taʕḏurūna |
yaʕḏirūna or yaʕḏurūna | |||
f | taʕḏirīna or taʕḏurīna |
taʕḏiru or taʕḏuru |
taʕḏirāni or taʕḏurāni |
taʕḏirna or taʕḏurna |
yaʕḏirna or yaʕḏurna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔaʕḏira or ʔaʕḏura |
taʕḏira or taʕḏura |
yaʕḏira or yaʕḏura |
taʕḏirā or taʕḏurā |
yaʕḏirā or yaʕḏurā |
naʕḏira or naʕḏura |
taʕḏirū or taʕḏurū |
yaʕḏirū or yaʕḏurū | |||
f | taʕḏirī or taʕḏurī |
taʕḏira or taʕḏura |
taʕḏirā or taʕḏurā |
taʕḏirna or taʕḏurna |
yaʕḏirna or yaʕḏurna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔaʕḏir or ʔaʕḏur |
taʕḏir or taʕḏur |
yaʕḏir or yaʕḏur |
taʕḏirā or taʕḏurā |
yaʕḏirā or yaʕḏurā |
naʕḏir or naʕḏur |
taʕḏirū or taʕḏurū |
yaʕḏirū or yaʕḏurū | |||
f | taʕḏirī or taʕḏurī |
taʕḏir or taʕḏur |
taʕḏirā or taʕḏurā |
taʕḏirna or taʕḏurna |
yaʕḏirna or yaʕḏurna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iʕḏir or uʕḏur |
iʕḏirā or uʕḏurā |
iʕḏirū or uʕḏurū |
||||||||
f | iʕḏirī or uʕḏurī |
iʕḏirna or uʕḏurna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕuḏirtu |
ʕuḏirta |
عُذِرَ ʕuḏira |
ʕuḏirtumā |
ʕuḏirā |
ʕuḏirnā |
ʕuḏirtum |
ʕuḏirū | |||
f | ʕuḏirti |
ʕuḏirat |
ʕuḏiratā |
ʕuḏirtunna |
ʕuḏirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕḏaru |
tuʕḏaru |
yuʕḏaru |
tuʕḏarāni |
yuʕḏarāni |
nuʕḏaru |
tuʕḏarūna |
yuʕḏarūna | |||
f | tuʕḏarīna |
tuʕḏaru |
tuʕḏarāni |
tuʕḏarna |
yuʕḏarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕḏara |
tuʕḏara |
yuʕḏara |
tuʕḏarā |
yuʕḏarā |
nuʕḏara |
tuʕḏarū |
yuʕḏarū | |||
f | tuʕḏarī |
tuʕḏara |
tuʕḏarā |
tuʕḏarna |
yuʕḏarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕḏar |
tuʕḏar |
yuʕḏar |
tuʕḏarā |
yuʕḏarā |
nuʕḏar |
tuʕḏarū |
yuʕḏarū | |||
f | tuʕḏarī |
tuʕḏar |
tuʕḏarā |
tuʕḏarna |
yuʕḏarna |
Etymology 2[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
عُذْر • (ʕuḏr) m (plural أَعْذَار (ʔaʕḏār))
- excuse
- عُذْرٌ أَقْبَحُ مِنْ ذَنْب ― ʕuḏrun ʔaqbaḥu min ḏanb ― An excuse that is worse than the offence itself.
Declension[edit]
Declension of noun عُذْر (ʕuḏr)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عُذْر ʕuḏr |
الْعُذْر al-ʕuḏr |
عُذْر ʕuḏr |
Nominative | عُذْرٌ ʕuḏrun |
الْعُذْرُ al-ʕuḏru |
عُذْرُ ʕuḏru |
Accusative | عُذْرًا ʕuḏran |
الْعُذْرَ al-ʕuḏra |
عُذْرَ ʕuḏra |
Genitive | عُذْرٍ ʕuḏrin |
الْعُذْرِ al-ʕuḏri |
عُذْرِ ʕuḏri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | عُذْرَيْن ʕuḏrayn |
الْعُذْرَيْن al-ʕuḏrayn |
عُذْرَيْ ʕuḏray |
Nominative | عُذْرَانِ ʕuḏrāni |
الْعُذْرَانِ al-ʕuḏrāni |
عُذْرَا ʕuḏrā |
Accusative | عُذْرَيْنِ ʕuḏrayni |
الْعُذْرَيْنِ al-ʕuḏrayni |
عُذْرَيْ ʕuḏray |
Genitive | عُذْرَيْنِ ʕuḏrayni |
الْعُذْرَيْنِ al-ʕuḏrayni |
عُذْرَيْ ʕuḏray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَعْذَار ʔaʕḏār |
الْأَعْذَار al-ʔaʕḏār |
أَعْذَار ʔaʕḏār |
Nominative | أَعْذَارٌ ʔaʕḏārun |
الْأَعْذَارُ al-ʔaʕḏāru |
أَعْذَارُ ʔaʕḏāru |
Accusative | أَعْذَارًا ʔaʕḏāran |
الْأَعْذَارَ al-ʔaʕḏāra |
أَعْذَارَ ʔaʕḏāra |
Genitive | أَعْذَارٍ ʔaʕḏārin |
الْأَعْذَارِ al-ʔaʕḏāri |
أَعْذَارِ ʔaʕḏāri |
Descendants[edit]
- → Azerbaijani: üzr
- → Hausa: uzùr̃ī
- → Persian: عذر
- → Bengali: ওজর (ōjor)
- → Ottoman Turkish: عذر
- → Turkish: özür
- → Swahili: udhuru
- → Urdu: uzr
Noun[edit]
عُذُر • (ʕuḏur) pl
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ع ذ ر |
2 terms |
Etymology[edit]
Learned borrowing from Arabic عَذَرَ (ʕaḏara).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عذر • (ʕaḏar) I (present بعذر (biʕḏir))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of عذر (ʕaḏar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عذرت (ʕaḏart) | عذرت (ʕaḏart) | عذر (ʕaḏar) | عذرنا (ʕaḏarna) | عذرتو (ʕaḏartu) | عذرو (ʕaḏaru) | |
f | عذرتي (ʕaḏarti) | عذرت (ʕaḏrat) | ||||||
present | m | بعذر (baʕḏir) | بتعذر (btiʕḏir) | بعذر (biʕḏir) | منعذر (mniʕḏir) | بتعذرو (btiʕḏiru) | بعذرو (biʕḏiru) | |
f | بتعذري (btiʕḏiri) | بتعذر (btiʕḏir) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أعذر (ʔaʕḏir) | تعذر (tiʕḏir) | يعذر (yiʕḏir) | نعذر (niʕḏir) | تعذرو (tiʕḏiru) | يعذرو (yiʕḏiru) | |
f | تعذري (tiʕḏiri) | تعذر (tiʕḏir) | ||||||
imperative | m | اعذر (iʕḏir) | اعذرو (iʕḏiru) | |||||
f | اعذري (iʕḏiri) |
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