पद्

See also: पद and पाद

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পদ্ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬤ᭄ (Balinese script)
• পদ্ (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰟𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀤𑁆 (Brahmi script)
• ပဒ် (Burmese script)
• પદ્ (Gujarati script)
• ਪਦ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑌦𑍍 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦢ꧀ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂠𑂹 (Kaithi script)
• ಪದ್ (Kannada script)
• បទ៑ (Khmer script)
• ປທ຺ (Lao script)
• പദ് (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᠠᡩ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘟𑘿 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠠᢑ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑦿𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐡𑑂 (Newa script)
• ପଦ୍ (Odia script)
• ꢦꢣ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆢𑇀 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖟𑖿 (Siddham script)
• පද් (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩭 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚛𑚶 (Takri script)
• பத்³ (Tamil script)
• పద్ (Telugu script)
• ปทฺ (Thai script)
• པ་ད྄ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒠𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨛𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pɐ́d/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pɐd̪/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pā́ts (“foot”), from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (“foot”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬞𐬀𐬛 (pad), Hittite 𒉺𒋫 (pa-ta), Ancient Greek πούς (poús), Latin pēs, Persian پا (pâ), Old Armenian ոտն (otn), German Fuß, Old English fōt (whence English foot).

Noun

पद् • (pád) stem, m

1. a foot
2. step
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.154.5:

     तद॑स्य प्रि॒यम॒भि पाथो॑ अश्यां॒ नरो॒ यत्र॑ देव॒यवो॒ मद॑न्ति।
     उ॒रु॒क्र॒मस्य॒ स हि बन्धु॑रि॒त्था विष्णो॑: प॒दे प॑र॒मे मध्व॒ उत्स॑:॥

     tádasya priyámabhí pā́tho aśyāṃ náro yátra devayávo mádanti.
     urukramásya sá hí bándhuritthā́ víṣṇo: padé paramé mádhva útsa:.

     Might I reach that dear cattle-pen of his, where men seeking the gods find elation, for exactly that is the bond to the wide-striding one: the wellspring of mead in the highest step of Viṣṇu.

3. fourth part, quarter

Declension

Masculine root-stem declension of पद् (pád)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	पत् pát	पदौ / पदा¹ pádau / pádā¹	पदः pádaḥ
Vocative	पत् pát	पदौ / पदा¹ pádau / pádā¹	पदः pádaḥ
Accusative	पदम् pádam	पदौ / पदा¹ pádau / pádā¹	पदः pádaḥ
Instrumental	पदा padā́	पद्भ्याम् padbhyā́m	पद्भिः padbhíḥ
Dative	पदे padé	पद्भ्याम् padbhyā́m	पद्भ्यः padbhyáḥ
Ablative	पदः padáḥ	पद्भ्याम् padbhyā́m	पद्भ्यः padbhyáḥ
Genitive	पदः padáḥ	पदोः padóḥ	पदाम् padā́m
Locative	पदि padí	पदोः padóḥ	पत्सु patsú
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• Magadhi Prakrit:
  • Bengali: পা (pa)
  • Early Assamese: পাৱ (pawo)
    • Assamese: পা (pa), পাও (paü)
  • Sylheti: ꠙꠣꠅ (fao)
• Dardic:
  • Kashmiri: پۆد (pod, “foot, position”)
• Hindi: पांव (pāmv)
• Marathi: पाय (pāy)
• Pali: pada, pāda
• Urdu: پاؤں (pā̃v)
• → Tamil: பாதம் (pātam)
• → Telugu: పదము (padamu)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *pád-, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *pád (“to move, go”), from the same ultimate origin as Etymology 1, perhaps with semantic influence from the root underlying पत् (pat, “to fall”).

Root

पद् • (pad)

1. to fall, fall down or out, perish
2. to go, resort or apply to, participate in, keep, observe

Derived terms

• अपत्सि (apatsi)
• अपद्महि (apadmahi)
• उत्पन्न (utpanna, “arisen, produced”)
• पत्तवे (pattave)
• पत्ता (pattā)
• पत्थास् (patthās)
• पत्स्यति (patsyati)
• पत्स्यते (patsyate)
• पत्स्व (patsva)
• पदयते (padayate)
• पदाति (padāti)
• पदीष्ट (padīṣṭa)
• पद्यति (padyati)
• पद्यते (pádyate, “goes”)
• पद्याम् (padyām)
• पनीपदीति (panīpadīti)
• पनीपद्यते (panīpadyate)
• पपाद (papāda)
• पादयति (pādayati)
• पादयते (pādayate)
• पाद्यते (pādyate)
• पित्सते (pitsate)
• पिपादयिषति (pipādayiṣati)
• पेदे (pede)

 

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पद्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, pages 582/3, 583/1.
• William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 94