ὀρθός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Probably from *ϝορθϝός perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *worHdʰ-. Has been connected with Sanskrit ऊर्ध्व (ūrdhvá).

Pronunciation

• (5th BC Attic): IPA: /ortʰós/

• (1st BC Egyptian): IPA: /ortʰós/

• (4th AD Koine): IPA: /orθós/

• (10th AD Byzantine): IPA: /orθós/

• (15th AD Constantinopolitan): IPA: /oɾθós/

Adjective

ὀρθός m, ὀρθή f, ὀρθόν n; first/second declension; (orthos)

1. straight, upright, erect
2. straight forward, in a straight line
3. unharmed, safe
4. prosperous
5. attentive, expecting
6. right, just, righteous, upright
7. true, genuine, exact
8. decent
9. (geometry) right angle
10. (grammar) nominative

Inflection

    First and second declension of ὀρθός, ὀρθή, ὀρθόν

Number	Singular				Dual				Plural
Case \ Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	ὀρθός	ὀρθή	ὀρθόν		ὀρθώ	ὀρθά	ὀρθώ		ὀρθοί	ὀρθαί	ὀρθά
Genitive	ὀρθοῦ	ὀρθῆς	ὀρθοῦ		ὀρθοῖν	ὀρθαῖν	ὀρθοῖν		ὀρθῶν	ὀρθῶν	ὀρθῶν
Dative	ὀρθῷ	ὀρθῇ	ὀρθῷ		ὀρθοῖν	ὀρθαῖν	ὀρθοῖν		ὀρθοῖς	ὀρθαῖς	ὀρθοῖς
Accusative	ὀρθόν	ὀρθήν	ὀρθόν		ὀρθώ	ὀρθά	ὀρθώ		ὀρθούς	ὀρθάς	ὀρθά
Vocative	ὀρθέ	ὀρθή	ὀρθόν		ὀρθώ	ὀρθά	ὀρθώ		ὀρθοί	ὀρθαί	ὀρθά

References

• LSJ
• BDAG
• Strong’s concordance number: G3717