白國

See also: 白国

Chinese

		white; empty; blank white; empty; blank; bright; clear; plain; pure; gratuitous	country; state; nation
trad. (白國)		白	國
simp. (白国)		白	国
anagram		國白／国白
Literally: “white country”.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): Báiguó

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄞˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): Be² gue²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Быйгуә (Bɨyguə, I-I) / Быйгуй (Bɨyguy, I-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): baak⁶ gwok³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): bak⁵ gok²

• Gan (Wiktionary): pah⁷ guet⁶
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): Pha̍k-koet

  (Meixian, Guangdong): pag⁶ guêd⁵

• Jin (Wiktionary): bai¹ gueh⁴ / bieh⁵ gueh⁴
• Northern Min (KCR): Bà̤-gŏ
• Eastern Min (BUC): Bĕk-guók
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Pe̍h-kok / Pe̍eh-kok / Pe̍k-kok / Pia̍k-kok

  (Teochew, Peng'im): bêh⁸ gog⁴

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁸baq-koq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): be⁶ gue⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Báiguó
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄞˊ ㄍㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Báiguó
    • Wade–Giles: Pai²-kuo²
    • Yale: Bái-gwó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Bairgwo
    • Palladius: Байго (Bajgo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paɪ̯³⁵ ku̯ɔ³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: Be² gue²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: Begue
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛ²¹ kuɛ²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Быйгуә (Bɨyguə, I-I) / Быйгуй (Bɨyguy, I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pei²⁴ kuə²⁴/, /pei²⁴ kuei²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: baak⁶ gwok³
    • Yale: baahk gwok
    • Cantonese Pinyin: baak⁹ gwok⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: bag⁶ guog³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /paːk̚² kʷɔːk̚³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: bak⁵ gok²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pak̚³² kɔk̚⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: pah⁷ guet⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰaʔ² kuɛt̚⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: Pha̍k-koet
    • Hakka Romanization System: pag gued`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pag⁶ gued⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ ku̯et̚²/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: pag⁶ guêd⁵
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰak̚⁵ kuɛt̚¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: bai¹ gueh⁴ / bieh⁵ gueh⁴
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pai¹¹ kuəʔ²/, /piəʔ⁵⁴ kuəʔ²/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: Bà̤-gŏ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛ⁴² ko²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: Bĕk-guók
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɛiʔ⁵⁻²¹ kuɔʔ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍h-kok
    • Tâi-lô: Pe̍h-kok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: peqkog
    • IPA (Taipei): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻¹¹ kɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pe(ʔ)²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Kaohsiung): /pe(ʔ)⁴⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍eh-kok
    • Tâi-lô: Pe̍eh-kok
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /pɛ(ʔ)¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pe̍k-kok
    • Tâi-lô: Pi̍k-kok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pegkog
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /piɪk̚⁴⁻³² kɔk̚³²/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ kɔk̚³²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Pia̍k-kok
    • Tâi-lô: Pia̍k-kok
    • Phofsit Daibuun: piagkog
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /piak̚²⁴⁻² kɔk̚⁵/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: bêh⁸ gog⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pe̍h kok
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /peʔ⁴⁻² kok̚²/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁸baq-koq
    • MiniDict: bah^入 koh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ⁵baq-koq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /baʔ¹¹ koʔ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: be⁶ gue⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pɤ̞²⁴ ku̯ɤ̞²⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: baek kwok

Rime
Character	白	國
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	陌 (113)	德 (132)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	傍陌切	古或切
Baxter	baek	kwok
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bˠæk̚/	/kwək̚/
Pan Wuyun	/bᵚak̚/	/kʷək̚/
Shao Rongfen	/bak̚/	/kuək̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/baɨjk̚/	/kwək̚/
Li Rong	/bɐk̚/	/kuək̚/
Wang Li	/bɐk̚/	/kuək̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɐk̚/	/kwək̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bó	guo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bak6	gwak1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*bˤrak  [C.q]ʷˤək/

  (Zhengzhang): /*braːɡ  kʷɯːɡ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	白	國
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bái	guó
Middle Chinese	‹ bæk ›	‹ kwok ›
Old Chinese	/*bˁrak/	/*[C.q]ʷˁək/
English	white	state (n.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	白	國
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	207	5547
Phonetic component	白	或
Rime group	鐸	職
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	白	國
Old Chinese	/*braːɡ/	/*kʷɯːɡ/

Proper noun

白國

1. Biełaruś (a country in Europe)

Synonyms

• 白羅斯／白罗斯 (Báiluósī)
• 白俄羅斯／白俄罗斯 (Bái'éluósī)

Derived terms

• 白國人／白国人