borner
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: Borner
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From borne.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
borner
- to limit, confine
- 1640, Pierre Corneille, Horace, act I, scene I:
- Tes grands Destins / ne le borneront pas chez les peuples Latins
- Your [Rome's] great destiny / Shall not confine it [the Roman state] to the Latin peoples
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to confine oneself (à faire to doing something)
- (takes a reflexive pronoun) to content oneself
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of borner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | borner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | bornant /bɔʁ.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | borné /bɔʁ.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borne /bɔʁn/ |
bornes /bɔʁn/ |
borne /bɔʁn/ |
bornons /bɔʁ.nɔ̃/ |
bornez /bɔʁ.ne/ |
bornent /bɔʁn/ |
| imperfect | bornais /bɔʁ.nɛ/ |
bornais /bɔʁ.nɛ/ |
bornait /bɔʁ.nɛ/ |
bornions /bɔʁ.njɔ̃/ |
borniez /bɔʁ.nje/ |
bornaient /bɔʁ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | bornai /bɔʁ.ne/ |
bornas /bɔʁ.na/ |
borna /bɔʁ.na/ |
bornâmes /bɔʁ.nam/ |
bornâtes /bɔʁ.nat/ |
bornèrent /bɔʁ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | bornerai /bɔʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
borneras /bɔʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
bornera /bɔʁ.nə.ʁa/ |
bornerons /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ |
bornerez /bɔʁ.nə.ʁe/ |
borneront /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | bornerais /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bornerais /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bornerait /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ |
bornerions /bɔʁ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
borneriez /bɔʁ.nə.ʁje/ |
borneraient /bɔʁ.nə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | borne /bɔʁn/ |
bornes /bɔʁn/ |
borne /bɔʁn/ |
bornions /bɔʁ.njɔ̃/ |
borniez /bɔʁ.nje/ |
bornent /bɔʁn/ |
| imperfect2 | bornasse /bɔʁ.nas/ |
bornasses /bɔʁ.nas/ |
bornât /bɔʁ.na/ |
bornassions /bɔʁ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
bornassiez /bɔʁ.na.sje/ |
bornassent /bɔʁ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | borne /bɔʁn/ |
— | bornons /bɔʁ.nɔ̃/ |
bornez /bɔʁ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading[edit]
- “borner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.