bureaucracy

English

Alternative forms

• bureaucratie
• bureau-ocracy

Etymology

bureau +‎ -cracy, from French bureaucratie, coined by Jean Claude Marie Vincent de Gournay (died 1759) from bureau (“office”) + -cratie (“rule of”)

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /bjʊəˈrɒkrəsi/
• (US) IPA: /bjʊˈrɑːkrəsi/

Noun

bureaucracy (plural bureaucracies)

1. Structure and regulations in place to control activity. Usually in large organizations and government operations.

Related terms

• bureaucrat
• bureaucratic

Translations

structure and regulations in place to control activity

• Catalan: burocràcia (ca) f
• Chinese: 官僚 (guānliáo)
• Czech: byrokracie (cs) f
• Danish: bureaukrati (da)
• Dutch: bureaucratie (nl) f
• Estonian: bürokraatia (et)
• Finnish: byrokratia (fi), hallintokoneisto (fi)
• French: bureaucratie (fr) f
• German: Bürokratie (de) f
• Greek: γραφειοκρατία (el) (grafeiokratía) f
• Hebrew: ביורוקרטיה (biuroqrat'ia) f
• Hungarian: bürokrácia (hu)
• Icelandic: skrifræði, skrifstofuveldi

• Irish: maorlathas (ga) m
• Japanese: 官僚制 (ja) (kanryōsei)
• Macedonian: бирократија (mk) (birokrátija) f
• Malay: birokrasi
• Norwegian: byråkrati (no) n
• Polish: biurokracja (pl) f
• Portuguese: burocracia (pt) f
• Russian: бюрократия (ru) (bjurokratija) f
• Scots: bureaucracie
• Spanish: burocracia (es) f
• Swedish: byråkrati c
• Telugu: అధికార వర్గం (adhikaara vargaM)
• Turkish: bürokrasi (tr)