gjuhë

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See also: gjuhe

Albanian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Unclear. Akin to Arbëresh glunzë (voice). Possibilities include:

  1. Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *gol(H)-s-os, via a byform *gl̥(H)-s-ós, whence also Proto-Slavic *golsъ (voice), Lithuanian gal̃sas (voice), Proto-Germanic *kalz-ōną (to call).[1] However the medial -h- instead of expected **-sh- is left unexplained.
  2. From a byform *ǵʰnud-sḱ-eh₂, doubly methasised from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s ~ *dn̥ǵʰuh₂és (tongue). Compare Tocharian B kantwo, also metathised. The outcome gl- (and later gj-) from original *ǵ(ʰ)n- is also attested in gju (knee).[2] The usage of the infixed *-sḱ- does not seem have any parallels.
  3. A connection with Ancient Greek γλῶσσα (glôssa),[3] itself of unclear origin, cannot be proven.[4]

Pronunciation

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Noun

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gjuhë f (plural gjuhë or (dialectal) gjuhëragjuhëna, definite gjuha)

  1. tongue (organ)
    gjuhë lope e zierboiled beef tongue
    Dogji gjuhën.
    I burned my tongue.
    1. (figurative) speech, talking
      Synonym: gojë
      Mbaje gjuhën!
      Hold your tongue!
      E ka gjuhën të gjatë.
      She is very talkative.
      (literally, “She has a long tongue.”)
    2. strip of land
      Synonym: rrip
    3. bell clapper, clanger, tongue
      Synonym: gjuhëz
  2. language, tongue
    gjuha shqipethe Albanian language
    1. register, speech, style
      Synonyms: ligjërim, stil
      gjuha e fëmijëvechildren speech
      gjuhë e trashëfoul language
      gjuha e shkrimtaritthe author's style
    2. language (generally, any form of communication)
      gjuha e muzikësmusic's language
      gjuha e bletëvebees' language
    3. (colloquial) local dialect
      Synonyms: e folme, dialekt
    4. (colloquial) Albanian, as a subject in school

Declension

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Derived terms

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multiword terms
compounds

References

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  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “gjuhë”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 138
  2. ^ Huld, Martin E. (1984) “gjuhë”, in Basic Albanian Etymologies, Columbus: Slavica Publishers, →ISBN, page 71
  3. ^ Camarda, Demetrio (1864) Saggio di grammatologia comparata sulla lingua albanese (in Italian), Livorno: Successore di Egisto Vignozzi
  4. ^ Meyer, G. (1891) “ǵuan”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 142
  • “gjúh/ë,~a”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[1] (in Albanian), 1980, page 625f.
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “gjuhë”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 149ab
  • Tagliavini, Carlo (1937) “ǵu”, in L'albanese di Dalmazia. [] (in Italian), Florence: Leo S. Olschki, page 131
  • Barić, Henrik (1919) Albanorumänishe studien. I. Teil (Zur Kunde der Balkanhalbinsel. Quellen und Forschungen; 7) (in German), Sarajevo: Institut für Balkanforschung, page 35
  • Leotti, Angelo (1916) “gjuhën-a”, in L'albanese parlato (in Italian), Milan: U. Hoepli, page 83
  • Weigand, Gustav (1914) “gjuhën-a [] gjuh-a”, in Albanesisch–deutsches und deutsch–albanesisches Wörterbuch (in German), Leipzig: J. A. Barth, page 26a
  • Kristoforidhi, Kostandin (1904) “γϳούχ̇ε̯”, in Λεξικὸν τῆς Ἀλβανικῆς γλώσσης [Lexikòn tês Albanikês glṓssēs] (in Greek), Athens, page 83f.
  • Jungg, G. (1895) “ghiuh”, in Fialuur i voghel sccȣp e ltinisct [Small Albanian–Italian dictionary], page 38a
  • Rossi, F. (1875) Vocabolario della lingua epirotica–italiana (in Italian), page 466f.
  • Bardhi, F. (1635) Dictionarium Latino Epiroticum (overall work in Latin and Albanian), page 49:lingua — giuha