English [edit]
Etymology [edit]
Middle English language, from Old French language, from Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Latin lingua (“tongue, speech, language”), from Old Latin *dingua (“tongue”), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (“tongue, speech, language”). Displaced native Middle English rearde, ȝerearde (“language”) (from Old English reord (“language, speech”)), Middle English londspreche, londspeche (“language”) (from Old English *landsprǣċ (“language, national tongue”), Old English þēod and þēodisc (“language”).
Pronunciation [edit]
language (countable and uncountable; plural languages)
- (countable) A form of communication using words either spoken or gestured with the hands and structured with grammar, often with a writing system.
- the English language
- sign language
- 1900, William Beckford, The History of the Caliph Vathek[1], page 50:
- "No language could express his rage and despair."
- (uncountable) The ability to communicate using words.
- the gift of language
- (countable or uncountable) Nonverbal communication.
- body language
- (computing, countable) A computer language.
- (uncountable) The vocabulary and usage used in a particular specialist field.
- legal language
- (uncountable) The particular words used in speech or a passage of text.
- The language he used to talk to me was obscene.
- The language used in the law does not permit any other interpretation.
- (uncountable) Profanity.
- 1978, James Carroll, Mortal Friends[2], ISBN 0440157897, page 500:
- "Where the hell is Horace?" ¶"There he is. He's coming. You shouldn't use language."
- Spoken or written words.
Synonyms [edit]
- (system of communication): lingo (colloquial), tongue, speech, parlance
- (computer language): computer language, programming language
- (vocabulary of a particular field): jargon, phraseology, terminology
- (particular words used): lexis, phraseology, phrasing, terms, wording, words
Derived terms [edit]
Terms derived from language
Related terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
system of communication using words or symbols
- Abkhaz: абызшәа (ab) (abyzšwa)
- Adyghe: бзэ (bza)
- Afrikaans: taal (af)
- Ainu: イタㇰ (itak)
- Albanian: gjuhë (sq) f
- Alviri-Vidari:
- Vidari: زووان (zuvān)
- Arabic: لُغَةٌ (ar) (lúġa) f, لسان (ar) (lisān) m and f
- Egyptian Arabic: لغة (loġa) f
- Aragonese: luenga (an) f, idioma (an) m
- Aramaic:
- Syriac: ܠܫܢܐ (lišānā’) m
- Hebrew: לשנא (lišānā’) m
- Archi: чӀат
- Armenian: լեզու (hy) (lezu)
- Aromanian: limbã (rup)
- Assamese: ভাষা (as) (bhaxa)
- Asturian: idioma (ast) m, llingua (ast) f
- Avar: мацӀ (av) (macʼ)
- Azeri: dil (az)
- Baluchi: زبان, زوان (zawán)
- Bashkir: тел (tel)
- Basque: hizkuntza (eu)
- Belarusian: мова (be) (móva) f
- Bengali: ভাষা (bn) (bhasha)
- Breton: yezh (br)
- Budukh: мез (mez)
- Bulgarian: език (bg) (ezík) m
- Burmese: ဘာသာစကား (my) (batha-zăgà), စကား (my) (zăgà), ဘာသာ (my) (batha)
- Buryat: хэлэн (xeleng)
- Catalan: idioma (ca) m, llengua (ca) f, llenguatge (ca) m
- Chechen: мотт (mott)
- Cherokee: ᎦᏬᏂᎯᏍᏗ (chr) (gawonihisdi)
- Chinese:
- Dungan: йүян
- Mandarin: 語言 (cmn), 语言 (cmn) (yǔyán)
- Min Nan: gí-giân
- Chuvash: чӗлхе (çělxe)
- Coptic: ⲗⲁⲥ (las)
- Cornish: yeth (kw)
- Corsican: lingua (co)
- Crimean Tatar: til
- Czech: jazyk (cs) m, řeč (cs) f
- Dalmatian: langa f
- Danish: sprog (da) n, mål (da), tunge (da) c
- Dargwa: мез (mez)
- Dhivehi: ބަސް (dv) (bas)
- Dolgan: тыл (tıl)
- Dutch: taal (nl) f, spraak (nl) f, tong (nl) f
- Erzya: кель
- Esperanto: lingvo (eo)
- Estonian: keel (et)
- Faroese: mál (fo) n, tungumál (fo) n
- Fiji Hindi: bhasa
- Finnish: kieli (fi)
- French: langue (fr) f
- Old French: langue f
- Middle French: langue f
- Friulian: f, lengağ
- Gagauz: dil
- Galician: linguaxe (gl)
- Georgian: ენა (ka) (ena)
- German: Sprache (de) f
- Gilbertese: taetae
- Gothic: 𐍂𐌰𐌶𐌳𐌰 (razda) f
- Greek:
- Modern: γλώσσα (el) (glóssa) f
- Ancient: γλῶσσα (glōssa) f, γλῶττα (glōtta) f
- Gujarati: ભાષા (gu) (bhāṣā), બાશા (gu) (basha) f
- Hawaiian: ‘ōlelo
- Hebrew: לשון (he) (lašón, lashón) f, שפה (he) (safá) f
- Hindi: भाषा (hi) (bhāṣā) f, ज़बान (hi) (zabān) f, बोली (hi) (bōlī)
- Hungarian: nyelv (hu)
- Icelandic: mál (is) n, tungumál (is) n, tunga (is) n
- Ido: linguo (io)
- Indonesian: bahasa (id)
- Ingrian: keel
- Ingush: мотт (mott)
- Interlingua: lingua (ia), linguage (ia)
- Irish: teanga (ga) f
- Italian: lingua (it) f
- Japanese: 言葉 (ja) (ことば, kotoba), 言語 (ja) (げんご, gengo)
- Javanese: basa (jv)
- Kabardian: бзэ (bza)
- Kalmyk: келн (keln)
- Kannada: ಭಾಷೆ (kn) (bhāṣe)
- Kanuri: tǝlam
- Karachay-Balkar: тил (til)
- Karakalpak: til
- Karok: hih
- Kashubian: jãzëk (csb)
- Kazakh: тіл (kk) (til)
- Ket: ӄа’ (qaʔ)
- Khakas: тіл (tíl)
- Khanty: ясӑӈ (jasăņ)
- Khmer: ភាសា (km) (pīăsā)
- Kinyarwanda: urumini (rw)
- Komi: кыв (kyv)
- Korean: 언어 (ko) (eon-eo) (言語 (ko)), 말 (ko) (mal)
- Koryak: йилыйил (yiləyil)
- Krisa: iasg
- Kumyk: тил (til)
- Kurdish: ziman (ku), زمان (ku)
- Kyrgyz: тил (ky) (til)
- Lakota: iyapi
- Lao: ພາສາ (lo) (phaa-saa)
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- Latgalian: volūda f
- Latin: lingua (la) f
- Latvian: valoda (lv) f
- Limburgish: taol (li) f
- Lingala: lokóta (ln)
- Lithuanian: kalba (lt) f
- Lojban: bangu (jbo)
- Lule Sami: giella
- Luxembourgish: Sprooch (lb) f
- Macedonian: јазик (mk) (jázik) m
- Malay: bahasa (ms)
- Malayalam: ഭാഷ (ml) (bhāṣa)
- Maltese: lingwa (mt), ilsien (mt)
- Manx: çhengey (gv) f
- Maori: reo (mi)
- Marathi: भाषा (mr) (bhāṣā)
- Maricopa: chuukwer
- Mazanderani: زوون
- Middle High German: sprāche f
- Mingrelian: ნინა
- Mirandese: lhéngua f
- Mizo: ṭawng
- Moksha: кяль (kyal’)
- Mongolian: хэл (mn) (hel)
- Nahuatl: tlahtōlli (nah)
- Nauruan: langue (na)
- Navajo: saad
- Nepali: भाषा (ne) (bhāṣā)
- Nogai: тил (til)
- Northern Sami: giella
- Norwegian: språk (no) n, talemål (no) n (oral only), tunge (no) f, tungemål (no) n
- Novial: lingue
- O'odham: ñiok
- Occitan: lenga (oc) f
- Ojibwe: inwewin
- Old Church Slavonic: ѩзꙑкъ (językŭ) m
- Old English: sprǣċ (ang) f, spǣċ (ang) f
- Old High German: sprāhha f
- Old Norse: mál n, tunga f
- Old Provençal: lengaje
- Old Saxon: sprāka f
- Oriya: ଭାଷା (or) (bhāṣā)
- Ossetian: æвзаг (ævzag)
- Pashto: ژبه (ps) (žëba) f
- Persian: زبان (fa) (zabân)
- Polish: język (pl) m, mowa (pl) f
- Portuguese: idioma (pt) m, língua (pt) f, linguagem (pt) f
- Pulaar: ɗemŋgal
- Punjabi: ਬੋੱਲੀ (pa) (bōlī), ਜ਼ਬਾਨ (pa) (zabān), ਭਾਸ਼ਾ (pa) (bhāśā)
- Quechua: rimay (qu), simi (qu)
- Rapa Nui: reo
- Romanian: limbă (ro) f
- Romansch: linguatg (rm)
- Russian: язык (ru) (jazýk) m
- Samoan: gagana (sm)
- Sanskrit: भाषा (sa) (bhāṣā) f
- Santali: ᱨᱳᱲ (rorr)
- Sardinian: limbàlzu
- Scots: leid
- Scottish Gaelic: cànan (gd) m, cainnt (gd) f
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: језик (sh) m
- Roman: jezik (sh) m
- Shor: тил (til)
- Sindhi: زبان (sd) (zuban) f
- Sinhalese: භාෂාව (si) (bhāṣāva)
- Skolt Sami: ǩiõll
- Slovak: jazyk (sk) m
- Slovene: jêzik (sl) m
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: rěc f
- Sotho: puo (st)
- Southern Altai: тил (til)
- Southern Sami: gïele
- Spanish: lengua (es) f, idioma (es) m
- Svan: ნინ (nin)
- Swahili: lugha (sw), ki- (sw) (noun prefix 7)
- Swedish: språk (sv) n, tungomål (sv) n
- Tagalog: wika (tl), lengguwa (tl), idyoma (tl)
- Tahitian: reo
- Tajik: забон (tg) (zabon)
- Tamil: மொழி (ta) (moḻi), பாசை (ta) (pācai)
- Tatar: тел (tt) (tel)
- Telugu: భాష (te) (bhāṣa)
- Tetum: língua
- Thai: ภาษา (th) (paasăa)
- Tongan: please add this translation if you can
- Turkish: dil (tr), (obsolete) lisan (tr)
- Turkmen: dil (tk)
- Tuvan: дыл (dıl)
- Uab Meto: uab
- Udmurt: кыв (kyl)
- Ukrainian: мова (uk) (móva) f
- Urdu: زبان (ur) (zabān) f, بھاشا (ur) (bhāṣā) f, بولی (ur) (bōlī)
- Uyghur: تىل (ug) (til)
- Uzbek: til (uz), zabon (uz)
- Vietnamese: tiếng (vi), ngôn ngữ (vi), tiếng nói (vi) (verbal)
- Volapük: pük (vo)
- Votic: tšeeli
- Võro: kiil
- Welsh: iaith (cy) f
- West Frisian: taal (fy)
- Wolof: làkk (wo)
- Xhosa: ulwimi (xh)
- Yakut: тыл (tıl)
- Yiddish: לשון (yi) (loshn) n, שפּראַך (yi) (shprakh) f
- Zulu: ulimi (zu) 11/10
- ǃXóõ: ǂàã
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the ability to communicate using words
vocabulary of a particular field
- Arabic: لغة (ar) (lúğa) f
- Armenian: լեզու (hy) (lezu)
- Bulgarian: език (bg) (ezík) m
- Catalan: llenguatge (ca) m
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 語言 (cmn), 语言 (cmn) (yǔyán), 用語 (cmn), 用语 (cmn) (yòngyǔ), 詞語 (cmn), 词语 (cmn) (cíyǔ)
- Czech: jazyk (cs) m, řeč (cs) f
- Danish: sprog (da) n, terminologi (da)
- Dutch: taal (nl) f, jargon (nl) f
- Esperanto: lingvo (eo)
- Finnish: kieli (fi), sanasto (fi)
- French: langage (fr) m, jargon (fr) m
- Galician: linguaxe (gl)
- Georgian: ენა (ka) (ena), ენები (ka) pl (enebi)
- German: Sprache (de) f, Jargon (de) n
- Greek: ιδιογλωσσία (el) (idioglossía) f , φρασεολογία (el) (fraseología) f , διάλεκτος (el) (diálektos) f
- Hebrew: לשון (he) (lašón) f, שפה (he) (safa) f
- Interlingua: linguage (ia)
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked
See also [edit]
External links [edit]
language (third-person singular simple present languages, present participle languaging, simple past and past participle languaged)
- To communicate by language; to express in language.
- Others were languaged in such doubtful expressions that they have a double sense. — Fuller.
Statistics [edit]
French [edit]
language m (plural languages)
- Archaic spelling of langage.
Middle French [edit]
Alternative forms [edit]
language m (plural languages)
- language (style of communicating)
See also [edit]
Old French [edit]
Alternative forms [edit]
Etymology [edit]
Vulgar Latin *linguāticum, from Classical Latin lingua (“tongue, language”).
language f (oblique plural languages, nominative singular language, nominative plural languages)
- language (style of communicating)
Descendants [edit]
See also [edit]
