hartować
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Polish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from German härten + -ować. First attested in 1562.[1]
Pronunciation[edit]
- IPA(key): /xarˈtɔ.vat͡ɕ/
- (Middle Polish) IPA(key): /xarˈtɔ.vat͡ɕ/
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -ɔvat͡ɕ
- Syllabification: har‧to‧wać
Verb[edit]
hartować impf (perfective zahartować)
- (transitive) to harden, to indurate, to inure, to toughen (to cause someone to become accustomed to something that requires prolonged or repeated tolerance of one or more unpleasantries)[+ na (accusative) = to something]
- (transitive) to anneal, to temper, to harden (to strengthen or toughen a material, especially metal, by heat treatment)
- (reflexive with się) to harden, to indurate (to grow hard)
- (reflexive with się) to be tempered
Conjugation[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
adjectives
nouns
Related terms[edit]
noun
Further reading[edit]
Categories:
- Polish terms borrowed from German
- Polish terms derived from German
- Polish terms suffixed with -ować
- Polish 3-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Polish terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ
- Rhymes:Polish/ɔvat͡ɕ/3 syllables
- Polish lemmas
- Polish verbs
- Polish imperfective verbs
- Polish transitive verbs
- Polish reflexive verbs