негр

Eastern Mari

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian негр (negr).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /neɡɾ/
• Rhymes: -eɡɾ
• Hyphenation: негр

Noun

негр • (ńegr)

1. black, black person, Negro
2. (figuratively) hack
3. (set phrase) slave

Declension

Declension of негр
	singular	plural
nominative	негр (ńegr)	негр-влак (ńegr-vlak)
accusative	негрым (ńegrym)	негр-влакым (ńegr-vlakym)
genitive	негрын (ńegryn)	негр-влакын (ńegr-vlakyn)
dative	негрлан (ńegrlan)	негр-влаклан (ńegr-vlaklan)
comitative	негрге (ńegrge)	негр-влакге (ńegr-vlakge)
comparative	негрла (ńegrla)	негр-влакла (ńegr-vlakla)
inessive	негрыште (ńegryšte)	негр-влакыште (ńegr-vlakyšte)
illative (short)	негрыш (ńegryš)	негр-влакыш (ńegr-vlakyš)
illative (long)	негрышке (ńegryške)	негр-влакышке (ńegr-vlakyške)
lative	негреш (ńegreš)	негр-влакеш (ńegr-vlakeš)

Possessed forms of негр
	singular	plural
1st person	негрем (ńegrem)	негрна (ńegrna)
2nd person	негрет (ńegret)	негрда (ńegrda)
3rd person	негрже (ńegrže)	негрышт (ńegryšt)

References

• J. Bradley et al. (2023) “негр”, in The Mari Web Project: Mari-English Dictionary, University of Vienna

Russian

негр

Alternative forms

• негръ (negr) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nʲeɡr]

• Audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

Borrowed from French nègre.

Noun

негр • (negr) m anim (genitive не́гра, nominative plural не́гры, genitive plural не́гров, feminine негритя́нка, relational adjective негритя́нский)

1. black (man); negro
2. (colloquial, offensive, rare) someone who works for peanuts or for nothing, a slave
3. (colloquial) ghost writer (usually in the idiom литерату́рный негр (literatúrnyj negr))

Usage notes

• негр (negr) and негритя́нка (negritjánka) are loanwords from French, not from English, and descend from the same Latin root meaning "black." Within Russia, these words are generally non-offensive and are not considered slurs, and refer to any person with black skin. Certain western-influenced Russians with knowledge of English may avoid these words purely to avoid any misunderstanding with an English-speaking audience; however, within Russia itself, the words are not considered derogatory.

Declension

Declension of негр (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	не́гр négr	не́гры négry
genitive	не́гра négra	не́гров négrov
dative	не́гру négru	не́грам négram
accusative	не́гра négra	не́гров négrov
instrumental	не́гром négrom	не́грами négrami
prepositional	не́гре négre	не́грах négrax

Synonyms

• ара́п (aráp), мавр (mavr) (dated)
• африка́нец (afrikánec)
• а́фро-америка́нец (áfro-amerikánec, literally “African American”) (neologism, not commonly used)
• негро́ид (negróid)
• черножо́пый (černožópyj) (vulgar, derogatory, offensive)
• черноко́жий (černokóžij)
• чернома́зый (černomázyj) (vulgar, derogatory, offensive)
• чёрный (čórnyj, literally “black”) (can be offensive, although it's more commonly used to describe the natives of Caucasus)

Derived terms

• негритя́нка (negritjánka, “black woman”)
• негритёнок (negritjónok, “little black boy”)
• негритя́нский (negritjánskij, adjective)
• негрито́с (negritós), негрито́ска (negritóska, noun) (offensive)

Descendants

• → Armenian: նեգր (negr)
• → Eastern Mari: негр (ńegr)

Etymology 2

Noun

негр • (negr) m anim (genitive не́гра, nominative plural не́гры, genitive plural не́гров)

1. (colloquial) abbreviation of неграждани́н (negraždanín): non-citizen (used primarily in Latvia and Estonia)

   Тем не ме́нее, есть нема́ло «не́гров», кото́рые принципиа́льно не хотя́т получа́ть гражда́нство Ла́твии.

   Tem ne méneje, jestʹ nemálo «négrov», kotóryje principiálʹno ne xotját polučátʹ graždánstvo Látvii.

   Nevertheless, there are many non-citizens who don't want to acquire Latvian citizenship on principle.

Declension

Declension of негр (anim masc-form hard-stem accent-a) 

	singular	plural
nominative	не́гр négr	не́гры négry
genitive	не́гра négra	не́гров négrov
dative	не́гру négru	не́грам négram
accusative	не́гра négra	не́гров négrov
instrumental	не́гром négrom	не́грами négrami
prepositional	не́гре négre	не́грах négrax

References

• Vasmer, Max (1955) “негр”, in Russisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (Indogermanische Bibliothek; 2) (in German), volumes 2 (L – Ssuda), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Carl Winter, →ISBN, page 208
• “негръ”, in Словарь Церковно-Славянскаго и Русскаго языка (in Russian), 2 edition, volume 2, Saint Petersburg: Academy of Sciences Printing House, 1867, page 902
• Dal, Vladimir (1880–1882) “негр”, in Толковый Словарь живаго великорускаго языка [Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language] (in Russian), 2nd edition, Publication of the bookseller-typographer Wolf, M. O.