ܟܝܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܟ ܘ ܠ (k w l)
3 terms

Etymology 1

Related to Arabic كَيْل (kayl) with the sense of “paradigm” a calque of Arabic وَزْن (wazn).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kaj.lɑː]

Noun

ܟܲܝܠܵܐ • (kaylā) m sg (plural ܟܲܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kaylē))

1. size, specific set of dimensions for clothing
2. kind of measure used for wine, oil, grain, etc.
3. (figuratively) amount, quantity
4. (poetry, prosody) metre
5. (grammar) paradigm, inflectional pattern or form

Inflection

Inflection of ܟܲܝܠܵܐ (kaylā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܝܠܝܼ (kaylī)		ܟܲܝܠܲܢ (kaylan)
	construct	ܟܹܝܠ (kēl)	2nd person	ܟܲܝܠܘܼܟ݂ (kaylūḵ)	ܟܲܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kaylāḵ)	ܟܲܝܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kaylāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܝܠܵܐ (kaylā)	3rd person	ܟܲܝܠܹܗ (kaylēh)	ܟܲܝܠܵܗ̇ (kaylāh)	ܟܲܝܠܗܘܿܢ (kaylhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܝܠܝܼ̈ (kaylī)		ܟܲܝܠܲܢ̈ (kaylan)
	construct	ܟܲܝܠܲܝ̈ (kaylay)	2nd person	ܟܲܝܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kaylūḵ)	ܟܲܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kaylāḵ)	ܟܲܝܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kaylāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kaylē)	3rd person	ܟܲܝܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kaylūh)	ܟܲܝ̈ܠܘܿܗ̇ (kaylōh)	ܟܲܝܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kaylhōn)

Related terms

• ܟܝܘܼܠܵܐ (kyūlā)

Etymology 2

Modified from the above; compare Arabic كَيَّال (kayyāl).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kajjɑːlɑː]

Noun

ܟܲܝܵܠܵܐ • (kayyālā) m sg (plural ܟܲܝܵܠܹ̈ܐ (kayyālē), feminine ܟܲܝܵܠܬܵܐ (kayyāltā))

1. measurer, weigher

Inflection

Inflection of ܟܲܝܵܠܵܐ (kayyālā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܝܵܠܝܼ (kayyālī)		ܟܲܝܵܠܲܢ (kayyālan)
	construct	ܟܲܝܵܠ (kayyāl)	2nd person	ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼܟ݂ (kayyālūḵ)	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kayyālāḵ)	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kayyālāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܐ (kayyālā)	3rd person	ܟܲܝܵܠܹܗ (kayyālēh)	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܗ̇ (kayyālāh)	ܟܲܝܵܠܗܘܿܢ (kayyālhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܝܵܠܝܼ̈ (kayyālī)		ܟܲܝܵܠܲܢ̈ (kayyālan)
	construct	ܟܲܝܵܠܲܝ̈ (kayyālay)	2nd person	ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kayyālūḵ)	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kayyālāḵ)	ܟܲܝܵܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kayyālāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܝܵܠܹ̈ܐ (kayyālē)	3rd person	ܟܲܝܵܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kayyālūh)	ܟܲܝܵܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kayyālōh)	ܟܲܝܵܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kayyālhōn)

Etymology 3

Nominalised from the active participle of the verb ܟܵܐܹܠ (kāˀēl, “to measure”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kɑjːlɑː]

Noun

ܟܵܝܠܵܐ • (kāylā) m sg (plural ܟܵܝ̈ܠܹܐ (kāylē))

1. -meter used mainly in the construct state indicating a tool for measurement

Inflection

Inflection of ܟܵܝܠܵܐ (kāylā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܵܝܠܝܼ (kāylī)		ܟܵܝܠܲܢ (kāylan)
	construct	ܟܵܐܹܠ (kāˀēl)	2nd person	ܟܵܝܠܘܼܟ݂ (kāylūḵ)	ܟܵܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ (kāylāḵ)	ܟܵܝܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kāylāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܵܝܠܵܐ (kāylā)	3rd person	ܟܵܝܠܹܗ (kāylēh)	ܟܵܝܠܵܗ̇ (kāylāh)	ܟܵܝܠܗܘܿܢ (kāylhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܵܝܠܝܼ̈ (kāylī)		ܟܵܝܠܲܢ̈ (kāylan)
	construct	ܟܵܝܠܲܝ̈ (kāylay)	2nd person	ܟܵܝܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kāylūḵ)	ܟܵܝܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kāylāḵ)	ܟܵܝܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kāylāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܵܝܠܹ̈ܐ (kāylē)	3rd person	ܟܵܝܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kāylūh)	ܟܵܝܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kāylōh)	ܟܵܝܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kāylhōn)

Derived terms

• ܟܵܐܹܠ ܚܲܝܠܵܐ (kāˀēl ḥaylā, “dynamometer”)
• ܟܵܐܹܠ ܚܲܡܝܼܡܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (kāˀēl ḥamīmūṯā, “thermometer”)
• ܟܵܐܹܠ ܩܵܠܵܐ (kāˀēl qālā, “phonometer”)

 

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From the root ܟ-ܘ-ܠ (k-w-l) related to measuring; compare Arabic كَيْل (kayl). The sense of "paradigm" is a calque of Arabic وَزْن (wazn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kajlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [kajle(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܟܝܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܟܝܠܐ)

1. kind of measure used for wine, oil, grain, etc.
2. (figuratively) amount, quantity
3. (poetry, prosody) metre
4. (grammar) paradigm, inflectional pattern or form

Inflection

    inflection of ܟܝܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܟܝܠ	ܟܝܠܝܢ
construct	ܟܝܠ	ܟܝܠܝ
emphatic	ܟܝܠܐ	ܟܝܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܟܝܠܝ	ܟܝܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܟܝܠܟ	ܟܝܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܝ	ܟܝܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܟܝܠܗ	ܟܝܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܟܝܠܗ	ܟܝܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܟܝܠܢ	ܟܝܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܘܢ	ܟܝܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܝܢ	ܟܝܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܟܝܠܗܘܢ	ܟܝܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܟܝܠܗܝܢ	ܟܝܠܝܗܝܢ

Proper noun

ܟܝܠܐ • (transliteration needed)

1. (astronomy) name of a star

Etymology 2

Modified from above. Compare Arabic كَيَّال (kayyāl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kajjɑlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [kajjɑle(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܟܝܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܟܝܠܐ)

1. measurer, weigher

Inflection

    inflection of ܟܝܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܟܝܠ	ܟܝܠܝܢ
construct	ܟܝܠ	ܟܝܠܝ
emphatic	ܟܝܠܐ	ܟܝܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܟܝܠܝ	ܟܝܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܟܝܠܟ	ܟܝܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܝ	ܟܝܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܟܝܠܗ	ܟܝܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܟܝܠܗ	ܟܝܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܟܝܠܢ	ܟܝܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܘܢ	ܟܝܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܟܝܠܟܝܢ	ܟܝܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܟܝܠܗܘܢ	ܟܝܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܟܝܠܗܝܢ	ܟܝܠܝܗܝܢ

References

• “kyl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 155a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 213a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 618b