ܥܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic עַרָא (ʿarrā); akin to Ugaritic 𐎓𐎗𐎓𐎗 (ʿrʿr, “tamarisk”), Hebrew עַרְעָר (ar'ar, “juniper”), Arabic عَرْعَر (ʕarʕar), عَرْعَار (ʕarʕār, “juniper”).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʕar.rɑː]

Noun

ܥܲܪܵܐ • (ˁarrā) m sg (plural ܥܲܪܹ̈ܐ (ˁarrē))

1. tamarisk

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܲܪܵܐ (ˁarrā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܥܲܪܝܼ (ˁarī)		ܥܲܪܲܢ (ˁarran)
	construct	ܥܲܪ (ˁar)	2nd person	ܥܲܪܘܼܟ݂ (ˁarūḵ)	ܥܲܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁarrāḵ)	ܥܲܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁarrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܪܵܐ (ˁarrā)	3rd person	ܥܲܪܹܗ (ˁarrēh)	ܥܲܪܵܗ̇ (ˁarrāh)	ܥܲܪܗܘܿܢ (ˁarhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܥܲܪ̈ܝܼ (ˁarī)		ܥܲܪ̈ܲܢ (ˁarran)
	construct	ܥܲܪ̈ܲܝ (ˁarray)	2nd person	ܥܲܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ˁarūḵ)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁarrāḵ)	ܥܲܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁarrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܪܹ̈ܐ (ˁarrē)	3rd person	ܥܲܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (ˁarūh)	ܥܲܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁarrōh)	ܥܲܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ˁarhōn)

Etymology 2

Root
ܥ ܪ ܐ (ˁ r ˀ)
2 terms

From Aramaic עֲרָא (ʿărā)

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [ʕɑːreː]

Verb

ܥܵܪܹܐ • (ˁārē) (present participle ܥܪܵܝܵܐ (ˁrāyā), past participle ܥܸܪܝܵܐ (ˁiryā))

1. to hold, hold back, seize, grasp
2. to catch
3. to contain, fit
4. to coagulate through a culture
5. to join a dance

   ܥܪܝܼ ܚܸܓܵܐ ܥܲܡܲܢ. ― ˁrī ḥiggā ˁamman. ― Join us in the khigga.

6. to pour out

   ܥܪܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܚܲܡܪܵܐ ܒܬܠܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܟܵܣܹ̈ܐ ܩܵܐ ܐܵܪ̈ܚܝܼ. ― ˁrē lī ḥamrā b-tlāṯā kāsē qā ārḥī. ― I poured out wine into three cups for my guests.

7. (of inanimates) to start, commence, begin

   ܥܪܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܗ̇ ― ˁrē lāh šinṯāh ― She started becoming sleepy. (literally, “Her sleep started”)

   ܥܪܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܣܸܬܘܵܐ. ― ˁrē lēh sitwā. ― Winter has started.

   1. to pour out, drop, precipitate as rain, snow etc.

      ܡܸܛܪܵܐ ܒܸܥܪܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ― miṭrā biˁrāyā ìlāh ― It is raining (literally, “Rain is pouring out”)

      ܬܲܠܓܵܐ ܒܸܥܪܵܝܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ― talgā biˁrāyā ìlēh ― It is snowing (literally, “Snow is pouring out”)

Conjugation

Conjugation of ܥܵܪܹܐ (ˁārē)

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܝܼ (ˁrē lī)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܘܼܟ݂ (ˁrē lūḵ)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܹܗ (ˁrē lēh)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܲܢ (ˁrē lan)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁrē lāwḵōn)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ (ˁrē lhōn)
	f		ܥܪܹܐ ܠܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁrē lāḵ)	ܥܪܹܐ ܠܵܗ̇ (ˁrē lāh)
non-past	m	ܥܵܪܹܝܢ (ˁārēn)	ܥܵܪܹܝܬ (ˁārēt)	ܥܵܪܹܐ (ˁārē)	ܥܵܪܲܚ (ˁāraḥ)	ܥܵܪܹܝܬܘܿܢ (ˁārētōn)	ܥܵܪܝܼ (ˁārī)
	f	ܥܵܪܝܵܢ (ˁāryān)	ܥܵܪܝܵܬܝ (ˁāryāt)	ܥܵܪܝܵܐ (ˁāryā)
imperative	m		ܥܪܝܼ (ˁrī)			ܥܪܹܝܡܘܼܢ (ˁrēmūn)
	f		ܥܪܹܐ (ˁrē)

Synonyms

• (hold): ܕܵܒ݂ܹܩ (dāḇēq), ܐܵܚܹܕ݂ (āḥēḏ)
• (catch): ܠܵܩܹܛ (lāqēṭ), ܩܵܦܹܐ (qāpē)
• (contain): ܚܵܒ݂ܹܫ (ḥāḇēš)
• (start): ܫܲܪܹܐ (šarrē)
• (pour out): ܕܵܪܹܐ (dārē), ܫܵܦܹܟ݂ (šāpēḵ)
• (precipitate): ܨܵܠܹܐ (ṣālē), ܢܵܚܹܬ݂ (nāḥēṯ), ܡܵܛܹܪ (māṭēr, “to rain”), ܬܵܠܹܓ݂ (tālēḡ, “to snow”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Akin to Ugaritic 𐎓𐎗𐎓𐎗 (ʿrʿr, “tamarisk”), Hebrew עַרְעָר (ʿarʿār, “juniper”), Arabic عَرْعَر (ʕarʕar), عَرْعَار (ʕarʕār, “juniper”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕarrɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕarre] (plural)

Noun

ܥܪܐ • (ʿarrā) m (plural ܥܪܐ (ʿarrē))

1. tamarisk

   Synonym: ܒܝܢܐ (bīnā)

Inflection

    inflection of ܥܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܥܪ	ܥܪܝܢ
construct	ܥܪ	ܥܪܝ
emphatic	ܥܪܐ	ܥܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܥܪܝ	ܥܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܥܪܟ	ܥܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܥܪܟܝ	ܥܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܥܪܗ	ܥܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܥܪܗ	ܥܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܥܪܢ	ܥܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܥܪܟܘܢ	ܥܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܥܪܟܝܢ	ܥܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܥܪܗܘܢ	ܥܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܥܪܗܝܢ	ܥܪܝܗܝܢ

See also

• ܟܒܪ ܥܪܐ
• ܥܪܥܘܪܐ

Etymology 2

From the root ܥ-ܪ-ܐ (ʿ-r-ʾ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕɑrɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕɑre] (plural)

Noun

ܥܪܐ • (ʿārā) m (plural ܥܪܐ (ʿārē))

1. violence, intensity

Inflection

    inflection of ܥܪܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܥܪ	ܥܪܝܢ
construct	ܥܪ	ܥܪܝ
emphatic	ܥܪܐ	ܥܪܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܥܪܝ	ܥܪܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܥܪܟ	ܥܪܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܥܪܟܝ	ܥܪܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܥܪܗ	ܥܪܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܥܪܗ	ܥܪܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܥܪܢ	ܥܪܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܥܪܟܘܢ	ܥܪܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܥܪܟܝܢ	ܥܪܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܥܪܗܘܢ	ܥܪܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܥܪܗܝܢ	ܥܪܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ˁr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ˁr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 426b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1133b