आकाश

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɑː.kɑːʃ/, [äː.käːʃ]

Noun

आकाश • (ākāś) m (Urdu spelling آکاش)

1. sky

   Synonyms: आसमान (āsmān), अम्बर (ambar), (less common) गगन (gagan)

   आकाश में बादल इकट्ठे हो रहे हैं।

   ākāś mẽ bādal ikaṭṭhe ho rahe ha͠i.

   Clouds are gathering in the sky.

   बरसात के बाद आकाश खुला था।

   barsāt ke bād ākāś khulā thā.

   The sky cleared after the rain.

2. space, cosmos

Declension

Declension of आकाश (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	आकाश ākāś	आकाश ākāś
oblique	आकाश ākāś	आकाशों ākāśõ
vocative	आकाश ākāś	आकाशो ākāśo

Derived terms

• आकाश-कुसुम (ākāś-kusum, “an impossibility or fanciful thing”)
• आकाशगंगा (ākāśgaṅgā, “The Milky Way”)
• आकाश-वचन (ākāś-vacan, “speaking off the stage (to someone out of sight)”)

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “आकाश”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “आकाश”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “आकाश”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House

Konkani

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ɑːkɑːʃ]

Noun

आकाश • (ākāś) m (Latin script akash, Kannada script ಆಕಾಶ್)

1. sky

   Synonyms: मळब (maḷab), अंबर (ambar)

Declension

Declension of आकाश
	singular	plural
ergative	आकाशान (ākāśān)	आकाशान्नि (ākāśānni)
nominative	आकाश (ākāś)	आकाशा (ākāśā)
vocative	आकाशा (ākāśā)	आकाशान्नो (ākāśānno)
accusative/dative	आकाशाक (ākāśāk)	आकाशांक (ākāśānk)
superessive	आकाशार/आकाशाचेर (ākāśār/ākāśācer)	आकाशान्चेर (ākāśāncer)
instrumental	आकाशानि (ākāśāni)	आकाशान्नि (ākāśānni)
ablative	आकाशात्ल्यान (ākāśātlyān)	आकाशान्त्ल्यान (ākāśāntlyān)

Genitive declension of आकाश
	masculine object		feminine object
	singular	plural	singular	plural
singular subject	आकाशाचो (ākāśātso)	आकाशाचे (ākāśāce)	आकाशाचि (ākāśāci)	आकाशाचि (ākāśāci)
plural subject	आकाशान्चो (ākāśāntso)	आकाशान्चे (ākāśānce)	आकाशान्चि (ākāśānci)	आकाशान्चि (ākāśānci)

References

• Pushpak Bhattacharyya (2017) IndoWordNet‎^[1]

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.kaɕ/

Noun

आकाश • (ākāś) n or m

1. sky

Declension

Declension of आकाश (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	आकाश ākāś
direct plural	आकाशे, आकाशं ākāśe, ākāśa
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	आकाश ākāś		आकाशे, आकाशं ākāśe, ākāśa
oblique सामान्यरूप	आकाशा ākāśā		आकाशां- ākāśān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	आकाशाला ākāśālā		आकाशांना ākāśānnā
ergative	आकाशाने, आकाशानं ākāśāne, ākāśāna		आकाशांनी ākāśānnī
instrumental	आकाशाशी ākāśāśī		आकाशांशी ākāśānśī
locative सप्तमी	आकाशात ākāśāt		आकाशांत ākāśāt
vocative संबोधन	आकाशा ākāśā		आकाशांनो ākāśānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of आकाश (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	आकाशाचा ākāśāċā	आकाशाचे ākāśāċe	आकाशाची ākāśācī	आकाशाच्या ākāśācā	आकाशाचे, आकाशाचं ākāśāċe, ākāśāċa	आकाशाची ākāśācī	आकाशाच्या ākāśācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	आकाशांचा ākāśānċā	आकाशांचे ākāśānċe	आकाशांची ākāśāñcī	आकाशांच्या ākāśāncā	आकाशांचे, आकाशांचं ākāśānċe, ākāśānċa	आकाशांची ākāśāñcī	आकाशांच्या ākāśāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Declension of आकाश (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	आकाश ākāś
direct plural	आकाश ākāś
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	आकाश ākāś		आकाश ākāś
oblique सामान्यरूप	आकाशा ākāśā		आकाशां- ākāśān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	आकाशाला ākāśālā		आकाशांना ākāśānnā
ergative	आकाशाने, आकाशानं ākāśāne, ākāśāna		आकाशांनी ākāśānnī
instrumental	आकाशाशी ākāśāśī		आकाशांशी ākāśānśī
locative सप्तमी	आकाशात ākāśāt		आकाशांत ākāśāt
vocative संबोधन	आकाशा ākāśā		आकाशांनो ākāśānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of आकाश (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	आकाशाचा ākāśāċā	आकाशाचे ākāśāċe	आकाशाची ākāśācī	आकाशाच्या ākāśācā	आकाशाचे, आकाशाचं ākāśāċe, ākāśāċa	आकाशाची ākāśācī	आकाशाच्या ākāśācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	आकाशांचा ākāśānċā	आकाशांचे ākāśānċe	आकाशांची ākāśāñcī	आकाशांच्या ākāśāncā	आकाशांचे, आकाशांचं ākāśānċe, ākāśānċa	आकाशांची ākāśāñcī	आकाशांच्या ākāśāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Synonyms

• (sky): आभाळ (ābhāḷ)
• (sky): अस्मान (asmān) (uncommon)

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “आकाश”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “आकाश”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press

Nepali

Alternative forms

• अकास [akās]
• आकास [ākās]
• अकाश [akāś]

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [äkäs]
• Phonetic Devanagari: आकास्

Noun

आकाश • (ākāś)

1. sky
2. air

Synonyms

• (sky): अस्मान [asmān], गगन [gagan]

References

• “आकाश”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[2], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “आकाश”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• আকাশ (Assamese script)
• ᬆᬓᬵᬰ (Balinese script)
• আকাশ (Bengali script)
• 𑰁𑰎𑰯𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀆𑀓𑀸𑀰 (Brahmi script)
• အာကာၐ (Burmese script)
• આકાશ (Gujarati script)
• ਆਕਾਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌆𑌕𑌾𑌶 (Grantha script)
• ꦄꦴꦏꦴꦯ (Javanese script)
• 𑂄𑂍𑂰𑂬 (Kaithi script)
• ಆಕಾಶ (Kannada script)
• អាកាឝ (Khmer script)
• ອາກາຨ (Lao script)
• ആകാശ (Malayalam script)
• ᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘁𑘎𑘰𑘫 (Modi script)
• ᠠᢗᢉᠠᢗᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦡𑦮𑧑𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐁𑐎𑐵𑐱 (Newa script)
• ଆକାଶ (Odia script)
• ꢃꢒꢵꢯ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆄𑆑𑆳𑆯 (Sharada script)
• 𑖁𑖎𑖯𑖫 (Siddham script)
• ආකාශ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩛𑩜𑩛𑩿 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚁𑚊𑚭𑚧 (Takri script)
• ஆகாஶ (Tamil script)
• ఆకాశ (Telugu script)
• อากาศ (Thai script)
• ཨཱ་ཀཱ་ཤ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒂𑒏𑒰𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨊𑨋𑨊𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd

Sanskrit आ (ā)

Proto-Indo-European *kʷeḱ-

Sanskrit काश् (kāś)

Sanskrit काश (kāśa)

Sanskrit आकाश (ākāśa)

Compound of आ (ā́, “towards”) +‎ काश (kāśa, “shining”), from the root काश् (kāś, “to shine”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɑ́ː.kɑː.ɕɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɑːˈkɑː.ɕɐ/

Noun

आकाश • (ā́kāśa) stem, m

1. sky

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of आकाश (ā́kāśa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	आकाशः ā́kāśaḥ	आकाशौ / आकाशा¹ ā́kāśau / ā́kāśā¹	आकाशाः / आकाशासः¹ ā́kāśāḥ / ā́kāśāsaḥ¹
Vocative	आकाश ā́kāśa	आकाशौ / आकाशा¹ ā́kāśau / ā́kāśā¹	आकाशाः / आकाशासः¹ ā́kāśāḥ / ā́kāśāsaḥ¹
Accusative	आकाशम् ā́kāśam	आकाशौ / आकाशा¹ ā́kāśau / ā́kāśā¹	आकाशान् ā́kāśān
Instrumental	आकाशेन ā́kāśena	आकाशाभ्याम् ā́kāśābhyām	आकाशैः / आकाशेभिः¹ ā́kāśaiḥ / ā́kāśebhiḥ¹
Dative	आकाशाय ā́kāśāya	आकाशाभ्याम् ā́kāśābhyām	आकाशेभ्यः ā́kāśebhyaḥ
Ablative	आकाशात् ā́kāśāt	आकाशाभ्याम् ā́kāśābhyām	आकाशेभ्यः ā́kāśebhyaḥ
Genitive	आकाशस्य ā́kāśasya	आकाशयोः ā́kāśayoḥ	आकाशानाम् ā́kāśānām
Locative	आकाशे ā́kāśe	आकाशयोः ā́kāśayoḥ	आकाशेषु ā́kāśeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• आकाशधातु (ākāśadhātu)

Descendants

Descendants

• Pali: ākāsa
• Prakrit: 𑀆𑀓𑀸𑀲 (ākāsa)
  • → Kannada: ಆಗಸ (āgasa)
  • → Telugu: ఆకసము (ākasamu)
• → Bengali: আকাশ (akaś)
• → English: akasa
• → Gujarati: આકાશ (ākāś)
• → Hindi: आकाश (ākāś)
• → Kachchi: આકાશ (ākāś)
• → Kannada: ಆಕಾಶ (ākāśa)
• → Lombo: ອາກາດ
• → Malay: angkasa
  • Indonesian: angkasa
• → Malayalam: ആകാശം (ākāśaṁ)
• → Marathi: आकाश (ākāś)
• → Nepali: आकाश (ākāś)
• Pali: ākāsa
  • → Burmese: အာကာသ (akasa.)
  • → Khmer: អាកាស (ʼaakaah)
• Punjabi: ਆਕਾਸ਼ (ākāś) / آکاش (ākāś)
• → Sinhalese: අහස (ahasa)
• → Sinhalese: ආකාශය (ākāśaya)
• → Tamil: ஆகாசம் (ākācam)
• → Telugu: ఆకాశము (ākāśamu)
• → Thai: อากาศ (aa-gàat)
• → Tocharian B: akāśe
• → Urdu: آکاش (ākāś)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “akasa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 45