shine

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English [edit]

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Pronunciation [edit]

Etymology 1 [edit]

From Middle English shinen, schinen (preterite schon, past participle schinen), from Old English scīnan ("to shine, flash; be resplendent"; preterite scān, past participle scinen), from Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”). Cognate with West Frisian skine, skyne, Low German schienen, Dutch schijnen, German scheinen, Danish skinne, Swedish skina.

In Middle English the most standard forms are[1]:

  • present: shīnen
  • simple past: (singular) shōne, (plural) shīneden
  • past participle: shīned

The form shīned(e) has already appeared as an alternate past singular at this time, although only in Northern English usage. There is no recorded use of shōne as an alternate past participle in Middle English.

Verb [edit]

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shone or shined)

  1. (intransitive) To emit light.
  2. (intransitive) To reflect light.
  3. (intransitive) To distinguish oneself; to excel.
    My nephew tried other sports before deciding on football, which he shone at right away, quickly becoming the star of his school team.
    • 1867, Frederick William Robinson, No Man's Friend, Harper & Brothers, page 91:
      “ […] I was grateful to you for giving him a year’s schooling—where he shined at it—and for putting him as a clerk in your counting-house, where he shined still more.”
    • 2011 January 15, Phil McNulty, “Tottenham 0 - 0 Man Utd”, BBC:
      It prompted an exchange of substitutions as Jermain Defoe replaced Palacios and Javier Hernandez came on for Berbatov, who had failed to shine against his former club.
  4. (intransitive) To be immediately apparent.
  5. (transitive) To create light with (a flashlight, lamp, torch, or similar).
    I shined my light into the darkness to see what was making the noise.
    • 2007, David Lynn Goleman, Legend: An Event Group Thriller, St. Martin’s Press (2008), ISBN 978-0-312-94595-7, page 318:
      As Jenks shined the large spotlight on the water, he saw a few bubbles and four long wakes leading away from an expanding circle of blood.
  6. (transitive) To cause to shine, as a light.
    • Francis Bacon
      He [God] doth not rain wealth, nor shine honour and virtues, upon men equally.
  7. (US, transitive) To make bright; to cause to shine by reflected light.
    in hunting, to shine the eyes of a deer at night by throwing a light on them
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Bartlett to this entry?)
Synonyms [edit]
Coordinate terms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
to emit light
to reflect light
to distinguish oneself
to be immediately apparent
ergative: to create light with a flashlight, lamp, torch, etc.
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Noun [edit]

shine (uncountable)

  1. Brightness from a source of light.
  2. Brightness from reflected light.
  3. Excellence in quality or appearance.
  4. Shoeshine.
  5. Sunshine.
  6. (slang) Moonshine.
  7. (cricket) The amount of shininess on a cricket ball, or on each side of the ball.
Synonyms [edit]
Derived terms [edit]
Translations [edit]
brightness from a source of light
brightness from reflected light
excellence in quality or appearance
shoeshine — see shoeshine
sunshine — see sunshine
slang: moonshine — see moonshine
cricket: the amount of shininess on a cricket ball
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.
Translations to be checked

Etymology 2 [edit]

From the noun shine, or perhaps continuing Middle English schinen (preterite schinede, past participle schined), from Old English scīn (“brightness, shine”), and also Middle English schenen, from Old English scǣnan (“to render brilliant, make shine”), from Proto-Germanic *skainijaną, causitive of Proto-Germanic *skīnaną (“to shine”).

Verb [edit]

shine (third-person singular simple present shines, present participle shining, simple past and past participle shined)

  1. (transitive) To cause (something) to shine; put a shine on (something); polish (something).
    He shined my shoes until they were polished smooth and gleaming.
  2. (transitive, cricket) To polish a cricket ball using saliva and one’s clothing.
Synonyms [edit]
Translations [edit]
to polish
cricket: to polish a cricket ball

Anagrams [edit]

Irish [edit]

Adjective [edit]

shine

  1. Lenited form of sine.

Noun [edit]

shine

  1. Lenited form of sine.
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